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英语被动语态的三种类型结构
1. 由及物动词构成的被动语态
The lost book was found the next morning.
丢失的书第二天早上被找到了。
仿造练习:
1)丢失的词典第二天没找到。
2. 由短语动词构成的被动语态
短语动词的常见类型:
A.不及物动词+介词
look for 寻找
look after 照看
B.不及物动词+副词+介词
look down upon 瞧不起
look up at尊敬
do away with 除掉
put up with忍受
C.及物动词+副词
mix up 混合
sell out 卖出
cut off切断
shake up 摇匀
put off 推迟
cut down 减少
D.及物动词+名词+介词
take care of 照顾
catch sight of看见
例如:
The key was looked for everywhere.
钥匙被到处找。
All the babies are being looked after by careful nurses.
所有婴儿都正在受到细心的护士们照看。
仿造练习:
1)钢笔被找遍了所有角落(corner)。
2)所有的老人正受到医生们的照顾。
Women were looked down upon by society at that time.
那时妇女被社会瞧不起。
A slight pain can be put up with.
轻微的痛是可以承受的
仿造练习:
1)我们现在不再被社会瞧不起了。
2)这种侮辱(insult)是不能忍受的。
The shirts of large sizes are sold out now.
大号的衬衣已经卖完了。
The meeting was put off till the next morning.
会议被推迟到第二天晚上。
Both the young and the old are taken care of by the government.
年幼年老的人都受到政府的关照。
仿造练习:
1)恐怕这种大衣明天会卖完。
2)晚会已经推迟到后天。
3)穷学生受到学校的关照。
3.由情态动词+be+过去分词构成的被动语态
Your English must be improved.
你的英语必须改善。
No one can be replaced.
没人能被代替。
The color may be changed.
颜色可以(被)改变。
仿造练习:
1)他的工资必须提高(raise)。
2)莉莉不能替换。
3)水可以被抽走(pump away)。
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被动语态有哪几种形式
各种时态的被动语态构成:
1、一般现在时的被动语态形式:am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词;
2、一般过去时的被动语态形式:_____ +及物动词的过去分词;
3、现在进行时的被动语态形式:am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词;
4、过去进行时的被动语态形式:was / were + being +及物动词的过去分词;
5、一般将来时的被动语态形式:_____/ be going to + be +及物动词的过去分词;
6、现在完成时的被动语态形式:have / has + been +及物动词的过去分词;
7、过去完成时的被动语态形式:had + been +及物动词的过去分词;
注意:被动语态可含有情态动词,结构是“情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词”。
扩展资料
主动语态变被动语态
①主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语。
②主动结构的谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态。
③主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时,by短语可以省略。
④主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。如:
We repaired the motor.
The motor was repaired by us.
英语被动语态常见标志词
1. 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。例如:
1)一般现在时:You are required to do this.
2)一般过去时:The story was told by her.
3)一般将来时:The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
4)现在进行时:The question is being discussed in the meeting room.
5)过去进行时:The new road was being made.
6)现在完成时:The novel has been read.
7)过去完成时:He said that the work had been finished.
8) 过去将来时:He said that the trees would be planted soon.
2. 一些特殊的被动结构
1)带情态动词的被动结构:
The problem must be solved soon.
2)带不定式的被动结构:
The homework needs to be done with care.
3)短语动词的被动结构:
例1)The baby is looked after carefully.
用于这类被动结构的短语动词要把它们作为整体看待。这类结构有以下几种:
①(不及物)动词+介词:agree to, ask for, call for, laugh at, listen to, look after, operate on, send for, talk about, think of等。
②(及物)动词+副词:bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, take up, think over, turn down, turn out, wipe out, work out等。
③动词+副词+介词:do away with, face up to, give in to, look down upon, make up for, put up with等。
例 2) Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.
用于这类被动结构的短语动词最多见的是“动词+名词+介词”这一结构。如:catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire /light to, take care of, take hold of, take notice of等。
例 2与例1的不同点在于,它们用于被动时态能有两种形式。第一种形式是把“动词+名词+介词”作为整体看待。第二种形式是把其中的“动词+名词”作为“动词+宾语”的结构处理。
4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改成主语,宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。例如:
We always keep the classroom clean.
(比较:The classroom is always kept clean.)
英语中的被动语态是什么意思
1.一般现在时的被动语态
构成:由
am/is/are
+
过去分词
2.一般过去时的被动语态
构成:由
was/were
+
过去分词
3.一般将来时的被动语态
构成:由
will/shall
+
be
+
过去分词
4.现在进行时的被动语态
构成:由
am/is/are
+
being
+
过去分词
以上是被动语态4种常见用法,还有其他用法,请看下面网址,谢谢!
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