在英语中,定语从句的时态应与主句中的名词或代词的时态一致,而语序通常是引导词、主语、谓语、宾语的顺序。如果定语从句中的动词是不及物动词,可以用进行时代替完成时。如果定语从句的主语与主句的主语相同,可以省略引导词并用动词-ing的形式。
时态问题
在定语从句中,时态应该与其所修饰的名词或代词在主句中的时态相一致。例如:
- The book that I am reading now is very interesting. (现在进行时)
- The book that I read yesterday was very boring. (一般过去时)
- The book that I will read tomorrow is a bestseller. (将来时)
需要注意的是,如果定语从句中的动词是不及物动词,则可以用进行时代替完成时。例如:
- The girl who is singing is my sister. (进行时)
- The girl who has sung the song is my sister. (完成时)
语序问题
定语从句的语序是相对固定的,一般是先引导词再主语、谓语、宾语等。例如:
- The man who is wearing a blue shirt is my uncle. (引导词 who, 主语 man, 谓语 is wearing, 宾语 a blue shirt)
- The car that I bought yesterday is very expensive. (引导词 that, 主语 car, 谓语 I bought, 宾语 yesterday)
需要注意的是,如果定语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同,则可以省略引导词并用动词-ing 的形式来代替。例如:
- My father, working in the garden, is very happy. (省略引导词 who, 主语 My father, 动词-ing 形式 working)