关于独立主格 想必大家一知半解。小编觉得必须给大家介绍一下。和讲解一下英语语法“独立主格”独立主格结构属于哪个语法点的内容,好让大家清楚知道高考独立主格的语法,来深入了解。
独立主格结构属于哪个语法点:什么是独立主格结构
我:I(主格)
me(宾格)
my(形容词性物主代词)
mine(名词性物主代词)
myself(反身代词)
my own(反身物主代词)
你:you(主格、宾格)
your(形容词性物主代词)
yours(名词性物主代词)
yourself(反身代词)
your own(反身物主代词)
他:he(主格)
him(宾格)
his(形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词)
himself(反身代词)
his own(反身物主代词)
她:she(主格)
her(宾格、形容词性物主代词)
hers(名词性物主代词)
herself(反身代词)
her own(反身物主代词)
它:it(主格、宾格)
its(形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词)
itself(反身代词)
its own(反身物主代词)
我们:we(主格)
us(宾格)
our(形容词性物主代词)
ours(名词性物主代词)
ourselves(反身代词)
our own(反身物主代词)
你们:you(主格、宾格)
your(形容词性物主代词)
yours(名词性物主代词)
yourselves(反身代词)
your own(反身物主代词)
他们(她们、它们):
they(主格)
them(宾格)
their(形容词性物主代词)
theirs(名词性物主代词)
themselves(反身代词)
their own(反身物主代词)
独立主格结构属于哪个语法点:高考独立主格的语法
一、什么是独立主格结构
所谓独立主格结构就是一个与句子相对独立的带有逻辑主语的结构。
由于这个逻辑主语与它所支配的行为状态表达的是辅助主要句子的另一层独立的意思,加之要用代词和名词的主格形式(现代英语中名词的主格与宾格是一致的)表示,因此这种逻辑主语就称作独立主格。逻辑主语加上它所支配的行为状态就构成了一种语法结构,这种语法结构称为独立主格结构。如下列例句中的括号部分:
* (Everyone being ready), the teacher began his class. 每个人都准备好后,老师开始上课。
独立主格(即逻辑主语):Everyone
独立主格的行为状态:being ready
起到的辅助作用:表示 the teacher began his class 发生的时间
* (It being National Day today),the streets are very crowded. 由于今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。
独立主格:It
独立主格的行为状态:being National Day today
起到的辅助作用:表示 the streets are very crowded 的原因
The manager looks relaxed, (many things settled). 由于许多事情已经处理好了,经理看上去很轻松。
独立主格:many things
独立主格的行为状态:settled
起到的辅助作用:表示 The manager looks relaxed 的原因
二、独立主格结构的构成
独立主格由两部分组成——
1、逻辑主语(即独立主格):由代词的主格或名词充当独立主格
2、叙述语:用来陈述逻辑主语的行为状态。
其中叙述语是独立主格的重点。
三、能够构成独立主格结构中叙述语的词语
1、现在分词(-ing 非谓语动词)
——用作时间状语
The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated. 每个人坐好后,主席开始开会。(相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated)
——用作原因状语
Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous. 许多眼睛看着他,他感到有点儿紧张。(相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him)
——用作条件状语
Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week. 时间允许的话,我们下星期将进行一次野炊。(相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)
My health allowing, I will work far into the night. 我的健康许可的话,我愿工作到深夜。(相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows)
——用作伴随方式的状语
The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky. 男孩躺在草地上,眼睛看着天空。(相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky)
2、过去分词(-ed非谓语动词)
* The book written in simple English, English beginners were able to read it. 该书是用简单英语写的,英语初学者也能看懂(原因状语 , = As the book was written in simple English,English beginners were able to read i)
* He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。(方式状语,= He was listening attentively in class, and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard. )
* The task completed, he had two months' leave. 任务完成以后,他休了两个月的假(时间状语。=When the task had been completed,he had two months' leave. )
3、不定式(to do)
* I send you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year. 现寄给你100美元,其余部分将在一年以后再寄。(方式状语,= I send you 100 dollars today, and the rest is to follow in a year.)
* The manager looks worried,many things to be settled. 经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。(原因状语,= The manager looks worried because many things will be settled)
.
4、形容词短语
* He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪地转向我。(= He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy.)
* He stood there, his mouth wide open. 他站在那里,嘴张得大大的。(= He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.)
5、小品副词 .
* School over, we all went home. 放学了,我们都回家了。(= School was over, and we all went home.)
* He sat at his desk, his shoes off. 他坐在课桌旁,没穿鞋子。( = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off.)
6、介词短语
* He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us. 他站在黑板面前,背对着我们。( = He was standing in front of the blackboard, and his back was towards us.)
* The new teacher came in, a smile on her face. 新老师面带微笑走了进来。( = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face.)
* The teacher came into the classroom,a rule in his hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着一把直尺。( = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand.)
独立主格结构属于哪个语法点:独立主格结构属于哪一个语法分支
应该是非谓语动词里面的。独立主格结构就相当于一个状语从句,表示原因,伴随等。但是里面的动词是现在分词或过去分词,逻辑主语与主句不同,但是主语代词又是主格形式,这个分句用逗号与主句分开,相对独立,所以叫独立主格结构。 比如:The test finished, we started the holidays.
独立主格结构属于哪个语法点:讲解一下英语语法“独立主格”
834108119 所给的例句具有代表性,可以借用或帮助理解。
但他/她没有触及到这个语法点的关键。估计搂主或其他的读者看完后依然抓不住要点,未必能真正理解。在她/他的例题的基础上,笔者补充几个关键点。
首先要明白,“分词的独立主格结构”是个什么概念?是什么意思?
所谓 “…独立主格”= 独立的(逻辑)主语, 主格即主语的形式。
“独立的” = 不同的,通俗地解释就是:分词有自己的(逻辑)主语,这个逻辑主语与句子的主语是不同的人/物。如果出现这种情况,就该用 “独立主格结构了”。
这是有别于通常的情况下:
非谓语动词的(省略的)逻辑主语必须是“句子的主语”,即是同一个人或物。(这种情况下是不用“独立主格结构的”。
1、非谓语动词作各种状语,是很常见的表达,但通常情况下,都不是“独立主格形式”。
2、通常的非谓语动词作某种状语时,都是相对应的状语从句的简化或缩略形式,也就是说,可以把做某种状语的非谓语形式,还原成完整的对应的状语从句。
3、做状语的非谓语动词(或短语)通常是没有或省略了器(逻辑)“主语”的,因为,要遵循一个基本原则:即,非谓语动词的(省略的)逻辑主语必须是“句子的主语”,即是 同一个人或物因此,还原时,很容易找到它的(逻辑)主语。
4、会不会出现 分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的呢? 会的:
下面2种情形下,就要使用所谓的 “分词的独立主格结构”了。
a. 习语,没有特定的“逻辑主要”,分词表达的观点、评价是“公众的,通行的”标准,不是特定的说话人的。这时,就无法也没有必要,根据“主语一致原则”还原成对应的状语从句了。
e.g. Generally speaking, Tom is a good student.
Frankly speaking, I don't know about it at all.
b. 分词的逻辑主语是“另一人/物”,与句子主语不同的,需要加在分词前。
e.g. There being too many cars, the drivers are often caught in traffic jams.
分词的逻辑主语是“too many cars", 而句子的主句则是 the drivers.
不可说:There are too many cars, the drivers are....
但可以说:As/ Because/ Since there are too many cars, the drivers are....
另外,独立主格结构,并不限于(现在/过去)分词,不定式也有独立主格结构的用法。
e.g. To be honest,....
To tell the truth,....
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