虚拟条件句中,"if"可以省略并采用倒装语序,使句子更简洁明了。主要有两种情况:“Had”引导的虚拟条件句,如“Had I known earlier, I would have told you.”;“Were”引导的虚拟条件句,如“Were I you, I would tell him the truth.” 掌握这种语法结构可以有效提高英语的表达能力和语感。
虚拟条件句的倒装形式主要有两种情况:
- “Had”引导的虚拟条件句
在过去时的虚拟条件句中,通常使用“if”引导条件,但是,如果条件子句以“had”开头,那么我们可以省略“if”,并将主语和助动词倒置,形成倒装句。例如:
- If I had known earlier, I would have told you. (如果我早知道的话,我就会告诉你了。)
- Had I known earlier, I would have told you. (早知道的话我就会告诉你了。)
- “Were”引导的虚拟条件句
在现在时的虚拟条件句中,通常使用“if”引导条件,但是,如果条件子句中使用了“were”(过去式),并且主语为第一人称单数或复数,那么我们也可以省略“if”,并将主语和动词倒置,形成倒装句。例如:
- If I were you, I would tell him the truth. (如果我是你,我会告诉他实情。)
- Were I you, I would tell him the truth. (如果我是你,我会告诉他实情。)