英语中的关系代词包括who/whom、whose、which和that。这些代词用于连接句子,表达词语之间的关系。who/whom用于代替人,whose表示所属关系,which代替非人的事物,that可以代替人或非人。掌握这些代词的用法可以帮助更好地理解和使用英语。
1. who/whom
who/whom可以用来代替人,用于修饰主语或宾语。who用于作主语,whom用于作宾语。
例如:
- The man who is standing over there is my brother. (站在那边的人是我的兄弟。)
- I met a woman whom I used to work with. (我遇到了一位曾经和我一起工作的女士。)
2. whose
whose用来表示所属关系,通常用于修饰名词。
例如:
- The boy whose bag was stolen reported it to the police. (那个被偷包的男孩向警方报案了。)
- The company whose products are very popular in China is based in the United States. (在中国很受欢迎的那家公司总部位于美国。)
3. which
which用来代替非人的事物,用于修饰主语或宾语。
例如:
- The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。)
- Do you remember the day on which we first met? (你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗?)
4. that
that可以用来代替人或非人,用于修饰主语或宾语。在口语和非正式的写作中,that通常比which更常用。
例如:
- The car that I bought last year is very reliable. (我去年买的那辆车非常可靠。)
- The restaurant that we went to last night was very crowded. (我们昨晚去的那家餐厅非常拥挤。)