动词不定式在英语语法中是重要部分,可表达不同的时态和语态。时态用法包括现在时(“to + 动词原形”),过去时(“to have + 过去分词”)和将来时(“to + 动词原形”)。语态用法包括主动语态(“to + 动词原形”)和被动语态(“to be + 过去分词”)。
时态用法
动词不定式可以用来表达不同的时态,包括:
现在时
在现在时态下,动词不定式一般使用“to + 动词原形”的形式,例如:
- I want to study abroad next year.
- She needs to finish her homework before she can go out.
过去时
在过去时态下,动词不定式一般使用“to have + 过去分词”的形式,例如:
- He was happy to have completed the project on time.
- They were disappointed not to have been invited to the party.
将来时
在将来时态下,动词不定式一般使用“to + 动词原形”的形式,例如:
- We plan to visit our grandparents next weekend.
- She hopes to get a promotion next year.
语态用法
动词不定式也可以用来表达不同的语态,包括:
主动语态
在主动语态下,动词不定式使用“to + 动词原形”的形式,例如:
- My friend wants to start her own business.
- He loves to play basketball in his free time.
被动语态
在被动语态下,动词不定式使用“to be + 过去分词”的形式,例如:
- The book needs to be returned to the library by tomorrow.
- The car seemed to have been stolen from the parking lot.