英语中的特殊句型包括倒装句、虚拟语气和强调句。倒装句将谓语动词放在主语之前,虚拟语气表示假设、愿望、建议等,通常使用“would/could/should+动词原形”,而强调句则通过在句子中加上“be/ do/ have/ modal verb +强调部分”来强调某一部分。
倒装句
倒装句是指把谓语动词放在主语之前的语序。通常情况下,英语句子的基本语序是主语+谓语+宾语,但在一些特定的情况下,需要使用倒装句。
例如:
- Only when you have enough experience can you become a good manager.(只有当你有足够的经验时,你才能成为一名优秀的经理。)
- Not only did he finish his homework, but he also helped his sister with hers.(他不仅完成了自己的作业,还帮助了他妹妹的。)
- Little did I know that she was planning a surprise party for me.(我不知道她正在计划给我一个惊喜派对。)
虚拟语气
虚拟语气是指表示假设、愿望、建议等语气的一种语法形式。虚拟语气的动词形态与实际情况不符,常常使用“would/could/should+动词原形”等形式。
例如:
- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力地学习。)
- I wish I could speak fluent English.(我希望我能说一口流利的英语。)
- If it hadn't rained yesterday, we would have gone out for a picnic.(如果昨天没有下雨,我们就会去野餐了。)
强调句
强调句是指强调句子中的某一个成分,通常是通过在句子中加上“be/ do/ have/ modal verb +强调部分”来实现。
例如:
- It was John who won the first prize, not Tom.(获得第一名的是约翰,而不是汤姆。)
- I do enjoy watching movies in my free time.(我确实喜欢在闲暇时间看电影。)
- She has never been to Paris before.(她以前从未去过巴黎。)