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非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个非常重要的概念。它们是一种不带有主语和谓语的动词形式,通常用来描述一个动作或状态的情况。非谓语动词包括三种形式:动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
动词不定式
动词不定式是由动词原形加上“to”构成的。它可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语,常用于表示目的、结果、原因、愿望、建议等意义。
例如:
- To learn English well is very important for us.
- I want to buy a new car.
- It's difficult to understand the meaning of this sentence.
现在分词
现在分词是由动词原形加上“-ing”构成的。它可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语,常用于表示动作正在发生或者与某个时间段有关系。
例如:
- Swimming is good exercise.
- I saw him running down the street.
- The book written by him is very interesting.
过去分词
过去分词是由动词原形加上“-ed”构成的。它可以作为定语、表语或者与助动词一起构成时态。常用于表示动作已经完成或者被动语态。
例如:
- The broken vase needs to be repaired.
- She is excited about the movie she watched last night.
- The cake was eaten by my brother.
总之,非谓语动词是英语中非常重要的一部分,掌握它们的用法对于学好英语语法和写作非常有帮助。