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without虚拟语气的三种时态造句
现在时态would(shouldcouldmight)，将来时态would（couldmightshould)+动词原形，过去时态would(couldshouldmight)+have+过去分词。Iwaswithoutanyonelookaftermychild.没有人替我照看孩子。Theletterhadbeenpostedwithoutastamp.那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。
虚拟语气的时态
语气有两层含义，一是指说话的色彩，我们可以通过话语的语音与语调来改变语言的色彩，第二层含义是指语法含义，是通过语法手段来实现的一种语气。从语法上讲，英语有五种语气即:祈使语气，疑问语气，感叹语气，陈述语气和虚拟语气五种，其中前四种为真实语气。
英语虚拟语气也称非真实语气，是通过一定的语法形式来表达非客观存在的动作或状态，表明说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测的一种语气。
otherwise but for虚拟语气的用法
otherwise,but for ,without 虚拟语气里用法及结构：
1、without, otherwise, but for 引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，通过介词短语来表示。
2、使用到这些词组的句子中，虚拟语气的用法一般是：对现在的虚拟：would+do；对过去的虚拟：would(not) + have done。
拓展资料
otherwise
1、Make a note of the questions you want to ask. You will invariably forget some of them otherwise
把想提的问题记下来，否则总是会漏掉其中的一些。
2、The decorations for the games have lent a splash of colour to an otherwise drab city.
为运动会所作的装扮给原本毫无生气的城市增添了一抹亮色。
3、Take approximately 60mg up to four times a day, unless advised otherwise by a doctor
每次服用大约60毫克，每天最多4次，或遵医嘱。
4、The studio could punish its players by keeping them out of work, and otherwise controlling their lives.
电影公司能通过让艺人坐冷板凳来惩罚他们，并采用其他方式控制他们的生活。
5、It was for the police to assess the validity or otherwise of the evidence
应该由警方来判定证据有效与否。
but for
1、I'd have been lost but for you.
要不是你，我就走迷路了。
2、But for you, they might have given us the slip.
要不是你，我们可能已经被他们甩掉了。
3、But for me television is an escape.
但是对我而言，看电视是一种逃避的方法。
4、But for your help, I might have failed.
假如没有你帮忙，我兴许会失败。
5、You may consider it useless, but for our customers it's an all-important sign of good service.
您也许会认为这样毫无用处，可是对于我们的客户而言，它却是优质服务的重要体现。
without
1、I don't like myself without a beard
我不喜欢自己没胡子的样子。
2、He was offered a generous pension provided he left without a fuss
他如果一声不吭地离开，就会获得一笔丰厚的养老金。
3、Janet Magnusson watched his approach without enthusiasm
珍妮特·马格努森冷冷地看着他走过来。
4、They worked without a break until about eight in the evening
他们一刻不停地干到晚上8点钟左右。
5、Alex had done this without consulting her.
亚历克斯这么做事先并没有跟她商量。
without的用法例句
without的五大用法
without的五大用法详解：基本用法
1. (与-ing形式连用)不，无，没。如：
She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。
It goes without saying that health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富这个道理是无需多说的。
They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。
It wasn’t very polite of you to serve yourself without asking. 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。
2. (表否定)没有，无，不需。如：
The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。
We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。
You’ll get wet if you go out in the rain without an umbrella. 雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。
I suddenly realized I’d come out without any money. 我突然意识到，一点儿钱也没带就出来了。
3. (用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有……不，没有……则不能……，每……必定……。如：
You can’t get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。
The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。
Don’t go out without a coat: you’ll catch your death. 别不穿外套出去，会得重感冒的。
I never see this picture without thinking of him. 每次看到这张照片，我都会想起他。
4. (表条件)若无，若非。如：
I don’t like to go to a country without knowing something of the language. 我要是不懂得一点那个国的语言，就不想到那个国去。
Without water, we cannot live. 没有水，我们就活不了。
Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?
without的五大用法详解：作表语的用法
without引出的介词短语通常用作状语，但有时也可用作表语。如：
She is completely without shame. 她恬不知耻。
My investigations were without result. 我的调查毫无结果。
The houses in this village are without water. 这个村子里家家户户都没有自来水。
We were without electricity for three hours but it’s on again now. 我们的电停了3小时，现在又有了。
without的五大用法详解：后接复合宾语的用法
without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下：
1. without+宾语+副词
I’d be lost without you here. 没有你在这儿，我会一筹莫展。
I’m very near-sighted without my glasses on. 我要是不戴眼镜十分近视。
2. without+宾语+介词短语
We’d be better off without them as neighbors. 要是没有这些邻居，我们就过得更愉快了。
I don’t like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it. 我不喜欢加糖的咖啡，里边不加糖我更喜欢。
3. without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 无人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
They debated for hours without a decision being taken. 他们争论了几个小时，也没作出决定。
4. without+宾语+不定式
Without anyone to help, how can we go on? 没有人帮忙，我们怎么能进行下去?
It was boring to sit there without anything to do. 无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。
5. without+宾语+过去分词
Without another word exchanged, they started off. 没有再交谈一句，他们就出发了。
without的五大用法详解：用于虚拟语气
without有时可表示条件，引出虚拟语气，与but for大致同义。如：
Without [But for] appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box. 如果没有恰当的软件，电脑只是一个空盒子罢了(***)。
Without [But for] you, our project wouldn’t have succeeded. 如果没有你的话，我们的计划就无法成功了。
Life would be quieter without the telephone. 要是没有电话，生活就会清静一些了。
Without your advice I would have failed. 假若没有你的劝告，我想必已失败了。
without的五大用法详解：without A and B与without A or B
两者基本同义，相当于without A and without B，即同时否定A、B两者。如：
We were cast away by the storm on an island without food or water. 我们被风暴丢弃在小岛上，没有食物，也没有淡水。
I found myself in a strange place without money or friends. 我发现自己身处在一个陌生的地方，既无钱财，又无朋友。
We cannot survive for long without food and [or] water. 我们没有食物和水就活不了多久。
without引导的虚拟语气的用法
1.与现在相反的话，从句谓语用过去式，主句谓语用would+V原型。例：If
i
were
you，i
would
watch
a
movie.
2.与过去事实相反，从句谓语用had/hadn't
done，主句谓语用would/could
have
done或者wouldn't/could't
have
done。比如If
you
hadn't
help
me/without
your
help，i
couldn't
have
finished
my
work
on
time.
3.与将来事实相反，从句用动词过去式或者were
to+V，谓语用would
+
V原型。
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