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在英语语法中,定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句。然而,有些情况下,定语从句可以省略。下面是一些常见情况:
1. 关系代词“who”、“whom”、“which”、“that”在从句中作宾语
当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。例如:
- The man [who(m) I saw yesterday] is my neighbor.
- The book [which(that) I borrowed from the library] is very interesting.
在这两个例子中,关系代词“who”、“whom”、“which”、“that”在从句中作宾语,因此可以省略。
2. 关系代词“that”在从句中作主语
当关系代词“that”在定语从句中作主语时,可以省略。例如:
- The movie [that was shown last night] was very good.
- The person [that is standing over there] is my friend.
在这两个例子中,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语,因此可以省略。
3. 关系代词“who”、“whom”在从句中作非限制性定语
当关系代词“who”、“whom”在定语从句中作非限制性定语时,可以省略。例如:
- My teacher, [who(m) I met at the conference], is very knowledgeable.
- John, [who(m) I went to school with], is now a successful businessman.
在这两个例子中,关系代词“who”、“whom”在从句中作非限制性定语,因此可以省略。
总之,定语从句的省略需要根据具体情况来判断。当关系代词在从句中作宾语或主语,或在从句中作非限制性定语时,可以省略。但是在其他情况下,不能省略。