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英语中的完成时态用来表达一个动作或状态在过去的某个时间完成。它的构成通常由助动词 have/has 和过去分词构成。
一般完成时
一般完成时的构成为:主语 + have/has + 过去分词。其中,have 用于第一人称单数、第二人称以及第三人称复数,has 用于第三人称单数。例如:
- I have finished my homework.(我已经完成了作业。)
- You have seen that movie before.(你以前看过那部电影。)
- He has traveled to many countries.(他已经去过很多国家了。)
- They have eaten lunch already.(他们已经吃过午饭了。)
现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时表达的是一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻开始,并一直持续到现在仍在进行中。它的构成为:主语 + have/has been + 现在分词。例如:
- I have been studying English for two hours.(我已经学习英语两个小时了。)
- You have been working on this project for a week.(你已经做这个项目一周了。)
- He has been playing basketball since this morning.(他从早上开始一直在打篮球。)
- They have been waiting for the train for half an hour.(他们已经等火车半个小时了。)
过去完成时
过去完成时表达的是一个动作或状态在过去某个时间点之前已经完成。它的构成为:主语 + had + 过去分词。例如:
- I had finished my work before he arrived.(他到达之前我已经完成了工作。)
- You had seen that movie before it was released.(在那部电影上映之前你已经看过了。)
- He had visited many countries before he turned 30.(他30岁之前已经去过很多国家。)
- They had eaten dinner before the party started.(聚会开始之前他们已经吃过晚饭了。)
以上就是英语完成时态的构成方式,希望对您有所帮助!