本文目录
定语从句常用连接词
关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose
关系副词when,where,why
另外,当先行词被the same或者such修饰时,还能用as引导定语从句。
从属连词和状语从句
文字/稀有的鱼儿
我们讲了从属连词可以引导时间状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,那么有哪些从属连词可以 引导结果状语从句 的呢?
在so… that… 引导的结果状语从句,在非正式语体中that 可以省略。
其结构形式
①so + 形容词 /副词+ that从句
②so + 形容词 +a/an+可数名词单数形式+that 从句
③ so +many /much /few /little+名词+that 从句
【例如】
He is so tired he can't carry the heavy bag.
他如此地疲劳以至于他拿不动这个沉重的包裹。
Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实我们都相信他。
I earned so little money that I couldn't support my family.
我挣这么少的钱,以至于我养不起家庭。
在such… that… 引导的结果状语从句,在非正式语体中that 可以省略。
其结构形式
①such +a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that从句
②such +形容词+可数名词复形式/不可数名词+that从句
③such +a lot of /lots of +名词+从句
【例如】
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实我们都相信他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to th park.
天气如此晴好,以至于我们都想去公园。
She is such a good student that we all like her.
她是如此好的学生以至于我们都喜欢她。
【例如】
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out al the difficult problems.
他是如此聪明的一个学生,以至于成功地解除了所有难题。
当so 或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句的主语一致时,还可以简化为so/such … as to…
【例如】
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
→He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.
那些从句连词是只能用于状语从句或者定语从句、名词性从句的呢
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为:
1)连接代词:who(-ever),
what(-ever),
which(-ever),
whom(-ever),
whose
2)连接副词:when,
where,
why,
how
3)连接词:that,
whether,
if
词引导的定语从句
1.
关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分
用于限制从句或非限制性从句
只用于限制性从句
代替人
代替物
代替人或物
主语
Who
which
that
主语
Whom
which
that
宾语
Whose(=of
whom)
whose(=of
which)
2.关系代词的用法
(1)
如果先行词是all,
much,
anything,
something,
nothing,
everything,
little,
none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。例如:
All
the
people
that
are
present
burst
into
tears.
(2)
如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first,
last,
any,
only,
few,
mush,
no,
some,
very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which,
who,或whom。例如:
(3)
非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如:
There
are
about
seven
million
people
taking
part
in
the
election,
most
of
whom、are
well
educated.
(4)
which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and
this
相似,并可以指人。例如:
He
succeeded
in
the
competition,
which
made
his
parents
very
happy.
(5)
that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,(指人作主语时多用who)仅用于限制性定语从句中。
(6)
which可作表语,既可指人,以可指物。指人时,一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征.品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。
(7)
如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体,关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员,则用who。
(8)
先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that。例如:
The
boy
and
the
dog
that
are
in
the
picture
are
very
lovely.
(9)
如果先行词是anyone,
anybody,
everyone,
everybody,
someone,
somebody,关系代词应该用
who
或whom,不用
which。例如:
Is
there
anyone
here
who
will
go
with
you?
3.“介词+关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1)
“介词+关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词+关系代词“结构中的介词可以是
in,
on,
about,
from,
for,
with,
to
at,
of,
without
等,关系代词只可用whom或
which,不可用
that
。
(2)
from
where为“介词+关系副词“结构,但也可以引导定语从句。例如:
We
stood
at
the
top
of
the
hill,
from
where
we
can
see
the
town..
(3)
像listen
to,
look
at,
depend
on,
pay
attention
to,
take
care
of等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如:
This
is
the
boy
whom
she
has
taken
care
of.
二.关系副词引导的定语从句
1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间.地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语,where
充当地点状语,why充当原因状语。
2.
that可引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词
when,
where
或者why引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因,在
that引导的这种定语从句中,that也可以省去。
让步状语从句的关联词
文字/稀有的鱼儿
从属连词可以引导时间状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句,那么有哪些从属连词可以引导让步状语从句的呢?
(一)although/though.表示“尽管,虽然”
although与though两者意思相同 ,一般可以互换, 都可以与 yet , still 或者nevertheless连用,但不能和but 连用。
【例如】
He is unhappy , though /although he has a lot of money.
虽然他很有钱,但是他并不快乐。
Although /Though it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.
即使雨下得很大,但他们还是继续踢足球。
(二)even if /even though表示“即使”
Even if / Even though it is raining,we'll go there.(陈述语气)
即使下雨,我们也要去那里。
Even if I were busy,I would go (虚拟语气)
(三)whether… or… 表示“不管…… 还是…… ”
Whether you believe it or not,it is true.
不管你相信与否,那都是真的。
(四)疑问词+-ever 与no matter +疑问词,表示“不管…… ;无论…… ”
Whatever (=No matter what)you say,he won't believe you .
无论你说什么,他都不会相信你说的话。
Whoever you are(=No matter who you are) ,you must obey the rules.
无论你是谁,你都要遵守规则。
(五)when,while 也可以做从属连词表示让步。
when,while 也可以做从属连词表示让步, 要记住它们在句子中的位置, while 常常用在句首,而when 常常用在句子中间,相当于although.
Suddenly,she stopped when she ought to have continued.
尽管她应该进行下去,她却突然停止住了。
While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
注意:as或 though 引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况在倒装句的时候在详细讲解。
今天的讲解就到这些,我是稀有的鱼儿,专注于英语教学, [点赞关注再分享], 每日一课,教您轻松学好英语。
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