本文目录
含有过去分词作状语的英文歌曲
when you are gone
艾薇儿的，我很喜欢的一首歌曲
过去分词作伴随状语的用法讲解
过去分词作状语探究
【考点导航】
1. ______ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. (2009福建)
A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded
2. _________ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. (2009江西)
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
[答案与解析] 1. B.该分词短语的逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager,它与分词短语表示的动作之间是动宾关系,故使用过去分词.
2. D.分词与其逻辑主语,即动词give与these teenage soccer players之间是动宾关系,所以用过去分词.
【重点归纳】
过去分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等.其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致,过去分词与逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系.表示时间、原因、条件、让步的过去分词可以拓展成相应的状语从句.
一、用作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)
Asked what had happened, he lowered his head.
= When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head.
Whenever asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings.
= Whenever he was asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings.
Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.
= After they were discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.
(如果过去分词既表示被动又表示动作完成,也可使用现在分词的被动完成式.)
二、作原因状语(相当于一个原因状语从句)
Moved by his speech, many people volunteered to help in the work.
= Because they were moved by his speech, many people volunteered to help in the work.
Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
= Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
三、作条件状语(相当于一个条件状语从句)
Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
= If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
He will e if asked.
= He will e if he is asked.
四、作让步状语(相当于一个让步状语从句)
Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged.
= Though they were beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged.
五、作方式或伴随状语
He entered, acpanied by his secretary.
She sat by the window, lost in thought.
六、有时一个单独的过去分词也可以作状语,用来说明主语的性质特征.
He turned away, disappointed.
七、带主语的情况
如果过去分词前面带有逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词短语的逻辑主语.这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构.如：
The signal given, the bus started.
Her head held high, she went by.
All things considered, her paper is of great value.
八、“连词 + 分词”结构
在“连词 + 分词”结构中,用现在分词还是用过去分词取决于分词与句子主语的关系.如果分词与主语之间是主动关系,即主语是分词的发出者,用现在分词；如果分词与主语之间是被动关系,即主语是分词的承受者,则用过去分词.如：
While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring.
I am sure that Laura’s latest play, once staged, will prove a great success.
[特别提醒]
有些过去分词已用作形容词,常用于系表结构,作状语时不表被动动作而表状态.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost (迷路),seated (坐),hidden (躲),absorbed in (沉溺于),born (出生),dressed in (穿着),tired of (厌烦)等.如：
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overe them.
Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
[难点点拨] 过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别
分词作状语时,句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语.但现在分词作状语时,与其逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系,所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,也可以用现在分词的完成式表示动作的完成.过去分词作状语时,它表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间是被动关系.现在分词的被动式表示正在进行的被动动作,过去分词表示被动完成的动作.如：
Reading the article carefully, you’ll learn something new.
Read carefully, the article has several mistakes.
【经典考题】
选择正确答案填空.
1. Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. (2009湖南)
A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired
2. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions . (2009全国I)
A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
3. ______ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. (2009浙江)
A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
4. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. (2009北京)
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
5. _____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. (2009天津)
A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged
过去分词作状语的用法和例句
一、弄清过去分词作状语的最基本特点，初步认识过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。例如：
Written
in
a
hurry,
this
article
was
not
so
good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
析：
written
为过去分词作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且已经被写。
值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：
lost
（迷路）；
seated
（坐）；
hidden
（躲）；
stationed
（驻扎）；
lost
/
absorbed
in
（沉溺于）；
born
（出身于）；
dressed
in
（穿着）；
tired
of
（厌烦）。
Lost
/
Absorbed
in
deep
thought,
he
didn't
hear
the
sound.
因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
Born
in
this
beautiful
town,
he
hates
to
leave
it.
出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。
二、明确过去分词作状语时的逻辑主语，进一步认识过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。例如：
Given
another
hour,
I
can
also
work
out
this
problem.
再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。
析：
given
为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语
I
，即
I
被再给一个小时。
Seen
from
the
top
of
the
hill,
the
city
looks
more
beautiful
to
us.
从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。
析：
seen
为过去分词作状语，表“被看”，由语境可知，它的逻辑主语必须是城市，而不是“我们”，因为“我们”应主动看城市。
值得注意的是，如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。例如：
The
signal
given,
the
bus
started.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
析：
the
signal
是
given
的逻辑主语，因此主句主语
the
bus
就不是
given
的逻辑主语。
Her
head
held
high,
she
went
by.
她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。
析：
her
head
是
held
high
的逻辑主语，因此主句主语
she
就不再是
held
high
的逻辑主语。
三、弄清过去分词作状语的由来，从宏观上把握过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。例如：
Caught
in
a
heavy
rain,
he
was
all
wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
析：
caught
in
a
heavy
rain
为过去分词短语作原因状语，它来源于原因状语从句
Because
he
was
caught
in
a
heavy
rain.
Grown
in
rich
soil,
these
seeds
can
grow
fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
析：
grown
in
rich
soil
为过去分词作条件状语，它来源于条件状语从句
If
these
seeds
are
grown
in
rich
soil.
值得注意的是，状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。
When
given
a
medical
examination,
you
should
keep
calm.
当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。
四、明确过去分词作状语的位置。
过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。例如：
He
stood
there
silently,
moved
to
tears.
=
Moved
to
tears,
he
stood
there
silently.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语的情况分类如下：
1、过去分词做时间状语。
Asked about his family，he made no answer。当问到有关他的家庭的情况时，他没有回答。
2、过去分词做条件状语。
United，we stand，divided，we fall。团结，我们就能独立；分裂，我们必然倒下。
3、过去分词做方式或伴随状语。
The boy slipped out of the room，followed by his pet dog。这个男孩溜出了房间，后面跟着他的宠物狗。
4、过去分词做让步状语。
Rejected many times，the man did not lose heart。虽然被拒绝了很多次，这个人并没有失去信心。
5、过去分词作原因状语。
Seriously injured，he had to be taken to the hospital。由于伤得很严重，只好把他送往医院。
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