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怎么看是不是宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在复合句里边,一个句子充当宾语就是宾语从句。所以得首先找出复合句的谓语。动词本身做谓语,动词之后是宾语,是句子就是宾语从句。
比如,She
says
that
she
is
a
girl.
她说她是女孩。
我们先找出这个复合句里的谓语动词是say,
这个say
后边的that
she
is
a
girl
这个句子充当整个复合句的宾语,所以就是宾语从句。即,She
says
that
she
is
a
girl.
这个复合句的句子结构是主语(she)+
谓语(says)+
宾语从句(that
she
is
a
girl
),可见,在这里,宾语从句由引导词that和简单句she
is
a
girl
构成。
另外,引导词有很多,主要有连词that,whether/
if,关系代词what/which/who,关系副词when/where/why/how
等等。连接主句和从句用that(没有意思,不充当成分,可以省略),表示“是否”的时候用whether/
if,
关系代词what/which/who等主要充当宾语从句的主语、表语、宾语等;关系副词when/where/why/how
等主要充当状语。
比如:I
like
what
he
did.
我喜欢他的所作所为。
复合句的谓语动词是like,
like
后边what
he
did
(他做了什么)就是宾语从句,这个宾语从句由what
(什么)引导,而且what
在从句里面充当did
的宾语。为什么不用that?
因为
that
不充当成分,也没意思,所以不用。其他引导词的用法以此类推。
可能会问到的问题:
1.什么是简单句?只有一个主语和一个谓语动词的句子是简单句,主要有5种基本句型:主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构、主谓双宾(直宾和间宾)结构;主谓宾补结构。这个建议你结合语法书好好研习下,只有简单句掌握好了,才能学复合句,特别是名词性从句。
2.
什么是复合句?
复合句相对简单句而言,只有一个主语和一个谓语动词的句子是简单句,那么复合句肯定有两个以上的谓语动词,所以从句就产生了。有一个“傻瓜记忆法”--一个长句子里边有引导词类似that
引导的句子肯定就是从句部分,另外一部分是主句,主句+从句=复合句
3.
什么是名词性从句?名词性从句有名词功能,在复合句里充当句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语,于是就分别有了名称叫做主语从句(放复合句的谓语前)、表语从句(放复合句的系动词后)、宾语从句(放复合句的谓语后)、同位语从句(放复合句的名词后,具体补充说明)。
希望以上归纳点对你有用。
英语的宾语从句有哪些?
分类: 教育/科学 >> 外语学习
问题描述:
英语的宾语从句有哪些啊,比如以THAT,WHAT等引导的,并写出例句,谢谢
解析:
一、宾语从句中的时态。
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句的时态则根据具体情况或具体意义来确定。如:
① I don't know when he came back.
② Do you know where they will go this summer holiday?
③He is worried about whether he has passed the English exam.
④ Please tell us what we should do next, OK?
⑤ Will you please tell me how I can get to the post office?
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则相应地使用一般过去时/过去将来时/过去完成时/过去进行时等。如:
① He said that he didn't find your lost pen.
② My parents told me that they would go to Beijing.
③ The policeman asked him what he was doing at midnight yesterday.
④ I told you yesterday that I had returned your book. Why do you ask for it again?
3.如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观真理、自然现象、名言警句或谚语等,不管主句是什么时态,从句都用原时态。如:
① Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
② When I was young, my father often told me that knowledge is power (力量).
二、宾语从句前通常需要有引导词。
1. 如果宾语从句是由陈述句转变而来的,其引导词用that,常可以省略。如:
I hope (that) I can study English better.
2. 如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句转变而来的,其引导词使用if / whether, 意为"是否"。 如:
Mr Chen asked , "Are you all here?"→Mr Chen asked if / whether we were all here.
3. 如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转变而来的,其引导词使用连接代词what / which /who / whose 或 连接副词when / where / why / how 等。这些连接词都要充当从句中的一个成分,故不能省略。如:
Tom asked me, "When did you begin to study English?"
→Tom asked me when I began to study English.
关于宾语从句的题目及解析
宾语从句
一、定义:
用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可以用连词that,连接代词who,whom,what,which;连接副词 how,when,where以及if和whether引起。连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中作一相应的句子成分,if或whether表示疑问,而that没有意义仅起连接作用。
二、宾语从句的分类:
1. 作动词的宾语从句:
如:Everyone knows that he is a good student.
He wondered how the pyramids were built.
2. 作介词宾语:
如:This depends on how hard you work.
Is there anything wrong in what I said?
3. 作形容词的宾语:
如:They are confident that they can do the job well.
I am not certain whether the train will arrive on time.
三:使用宾语从句要注意的问题:
1. 宾语从句引导词that的省略:
在非正式场合下,that在引导宾语从句时,可以省略。
如:I think (that) you are right.
2. 形式宾语it:
如果宾语从句后面跟有补语,要用形式宾语it来代替,而将从句放到补语的后面去。如:He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1901.
3.宾语从句的时态呼应:
如果主句的谓语是过去时,宾语从句的时态要按照时态呼应规则进行相应的调整。但是若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然观念,其谓语时态仍用一般现在时。
如:He said that he had left his umbrella in the library.
The teacher told the students that the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.
4. 宾语从句否定意义的转移:
在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词所根的宾语中,如果从句谓语是否定的,一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去,而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。
如:I don’t think he has time to play chess with you.
I don’t suppose it is the rush hour yet.
5.一些动词接的宾语从句通常要用虚拟语气:
一般说来,在一些表示坚持(insist),命令(order,command),建议(suggest,advise),要求(require,demand) 等动词之后的宾语从句中,谓语一般要用“should +动词原形”(其中的should在美国英语中常省略,但是引导从句的that通常不省略):
如:She suggested that we (should) leave early.
He ordered that the medicine (should) be sent by a special plane.
6.whether 与 if
引导介词宾语从句时,只能用 whether,不用if;与“or not”连用时,一般用whether,不用if。
如:I am interested in whether he'll go abroad.
We don't know whether he will come or not.
7.宾语从句的语序
连接词后面为陈述语序。
如:I don’t know what your name is.
8.直接引语变为间接引语
间接引语的使用应注意选择合适的动词。陈述用say/tell,疑问用ask/wonder,而祈使用 tell/order,建议用advise/suggest。注意这些动词后面的结构和语气。
如:“Could you get some tea for me?” Mr.Blake said to his wife.
→Mr. Blake asked his wife whether she could get some tea for him.
“Shall we go dancing tonight?”John said.
→John suggested they should go dancing tonight.
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