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怎么样区分英语中to是表示动词不定式还是做介词 最好能给予一些词组的总结及简单易懂的分析
to后如跟的是名词、代词、动名词,则可判定这个to为介词,因为介词后才跟名词、代词、动名词形式；如to后跟的为动词原形,则to 为不定式,不定式to后才加动词原形,这即是判断to的依据.一般来说,下列词组中的to为介词：
1、pay attention to 2、lead to 3、stick to 4、get down to 5、devote to
6、look forward to
如：We are looking forward to traveling to Europe.
这两个to均为介词.
Please pay attention to the man in black.（介词）
I want to talk business.我要谈正经事.（动词不定式）
To act like that is foolish.那样做是愚蠢的.（动词不定式）
：（1）to 作为不定式时后面接动词原形.
例如：get to know ,want to do
（2）to 作为介词时,后面接名词,代词或动词ing
例如：give it to me 把它给我
give them to the students
devote oneself to working
全身心地工作.
英语to do不定式知识点总结
在语法中，动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。接下来我为你整理了英语to do不定式知识点总结，一起来看看吧。
英语to do不定式知识点总结一、作宾语
后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree， ask， choose， decide， forget， hope， learn， want， wish， would like等。
例如：We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项：
1、有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：
remember to do 记住要做某事
remember doing 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do忘记要做某事
forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do 停下来去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做原来在做的事
例如：I remember seeing you somewhere before.我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
2、不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。
如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep.
他发现很难入睡。
英语to do不定式知识点总结二、作宾语补足语
1、后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， order， teach， tell， want， wish， help等。
例如：The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老师要我们做练习一。
I want both of you to go. 我要你们俩去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我们帮助她修理自行车。
2、使役动词let， have， make及感官动词see， watch， notice， hear， feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。
例如：Let‘s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。
I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
注意：感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束;后者表示动作正在进行。
例如：I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)
I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。(说明他下楼时的情景)
英语to do不定式知识点总结三、作状语
例如：Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他离开家到不同的城市工作。
He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比赛了。
In order to catch the other students， I must work hard.为了赶上其他同学，我必须努力学习。
英语to do不定式知识点总结四、作定语
不定式作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面。
例如：1)I need something to eat.
2)Do you have something to read?
3)Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.
4)He is really a fool only to eat.
5)The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.
6)The doctor had no way to save the patient.
注意：(1)作定语的不定式是由及物动词组成，被修饰的名词或代词与不定式之间存在方位或方式关系需要有介词。
例如：I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间住房。(方位关系)
We have many things to do experiments with.
我们有许多做实验的东西(方式关系)
(2)作定语的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”构成的动词短语。
例如：Here there isn‘t any book for me to be interested in.
We have done many things to proud of. 我们做了许多引以自豪的事。
英语to do不定式知识点总结五、作主语
To give is better than to receive.
To reach there on foot is impossible.
动词不定式作主语时，可以用it 代替，把实际主语不定式放在后面。
It‘s better to give than to receive.
It‘s impossible to reach there on foot.
It‘s + adj + for sb. to do sth.
It‘s not difficult for me to study English well.
It‘s easy for him to work out this math problem.
在这个句型中，如果形容词与不定式的逻辑主语关系密切，并且形容词用来说明逻辑主语的性质、品质、特点等，由of引出逻辑主语。这类形容词主要有nice， kind， good， wrong， right等。
英语to do不定式知识点总结六、与疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what， which， how， where， when连用，构成不定式短语，可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。
例如：How to do is still a question.
have to的用法总结归纳
以下是我为大家整理的to的用法 总结 ，希望能帮助大家更好地认识to这个单词，提高英语水平。
to的意思：
prep.向，朝着; 到; 关于; 属于;
adv.朝一个方向的; 到某种状态; 关闭;
to的用法总结：
一：表示相对，针对
be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive,immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to
Air is indispensable to life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.
This injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,incontrast to
compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受 教育 的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition,heir to
throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress
6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let's drink to Dick’s success in business
8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key todoor,invitation to
party,
guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,
如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
(一)：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.
People often linked walth to happiness.
(二)：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,beadverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituateto,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrenderto,give in
to,confess to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.
五: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,
如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his original views.
六: 表示约束,局限,
如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
七: 表示趋势或倾向,
如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,
如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
九: 表示起因和原由,
如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十: 表示目的或结果,
如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示数量上的积累或增加,
如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十二: 表示命运,注定,
如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,
如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,
如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示依靠或借助,
如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute.
十六: 表示方位概念.
如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
We should attach primary importance to job training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to
According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to heir economic importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.
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to的用法总结相关 文章 ：
1. need的用法归纳
2. 介词的用法讲解
3. 定冠词的用法归纳总结
4. mind的用法总结
5. 英语介词for的用法归纳总结
6. try to do sth 和 try doing sth 的用法
7. prefer to do rather than do的正确用法
8. 英语介词by用法归纳
动词不定式6种用法总结
Ⅰ动词不定式：
动词不定式的时态和语态
1)构成：(以动词“do”为例)
主动态：一般式"to do"；完成式"to have done"；进行式"to be doing"；完成进行式“to have been doing”
被动态：一般式"to be done"；完成式“ to have been done"
否定式：not+不定式
2)不定式的时态：
①不定式的一般式表示的动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或之后发生。
He seems to know her address．(：=It seems that he knows her address．)
I hope to see you again．(=I hope that I’11 see you again．)
②不定式的进行体表示的动作正在进行，与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。其用法主要有以下几种情况：
a 常用在"appear，happen，pretend，seem，hope，promise"之后。
She pretended to be listening attentively．
Tom appeared to be living in this area．
I hope to be earning my living in a year’s time．(I hope 1 will／would be earning my living)
I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out．b 常用在"believe，consider，suppose，think，know，report，say，understand"等动词的被动式之后。
[注]“be supposed to”通常含有“应该”意思，表示一定的责任和义务。
You are supposed to know how to use a computer=You should know how to use a computer．
Students are not supposed to cook in their dormitory=Students shouldn’t cook in their dormitory．
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3)不定式的完成体：
①用于表达发生在主句谓语动词之前的动作或状态，也可以表达预计在将来某一时刻之前完成的动作或状态。
I am sorry to have given you so much trouble．(=I am sorry that I have given you so much trouble．)
C p&n EI)I.OWe’re leaving at five o’clock in the morning，and hope to have done most of the journey by lunchtime．
②不定式完成进行体主要用于“appear，seem，happen，pretend"等之后，也可用于"believe，know，report，say，understand"等动词的被动式之后。
He appears to have been waiting for a long time．
He is believed to have been waiting for a message．
[注]不定式的完成进行体与不定式的完成体略有不同，试比较：
He seems to have eaten the apples．(苹果已被吃光。)
He seems to have been eating the apples．(苹果尚未完全吃光。)
③不定式的完成体还可以表达本该发生却未发生的事情常带这种不定式的谓语动词有：“pretend，intend， appear，seem，should like，expect"等。
I meant to have telephoned you，but I forgot．
4)不定式的语态：
①在不定式之前能找到不定式所表达的动作的执行者时，此不定式用主动态；反之则用被动态试比较：
We found the article hard to understand．(“understand”的执行者是“we”.)
He is reading the article to be published tomorrow．(“punish"之前没有执行者。)
类似的还有：It is impossible to get there．
③在"there be"结构中，不定式既可以用主动态，又可以用被动态。
There is no time to lose／to be lost．(时间紧迫不能耽误了。前后意义无差别。)
④习惯上用“to let(出租)”，“to blame(责怪)”的主动形式表示被动意义。
Tom asked her if she had any rooms to let．(汤姆问她是否有房要出租。)
Ⅱ．分词
分词既具有动词的一些特征(可以有自己的逻辑宾语)，又具有形容词(可以作定语、表语、宾补、主补)和副词(状语)的特征。
(1)分词的时态和语态
1)构成：(以动词“do”为例)
①现在分词的构成(V-ing)：
主动态：一般式(doing)；完成式(having done)
被动态：一般式“being done；完成式(having been done)
否定式：一般式(not doing／not being done)；完成式(not having done／not having been done)
[注]“V-ing”分词的被动态结构表示它的逻辑主语是"V-ing"分词所表示的动作的承受者。
Having been invited to speak．I’ll start making preparations this evening．
②过去分词的构成(V-ed)：中国雅思网D1Hx0`gH(G QiO
只有一种形式(done)，表示被动意义已完成了的动作或状态。1
Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great importance．
2)时态(只有现在分词才有时态形式的变化)：
①现在分词的一般式表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He came to visit me，bringing his girl friend with him．
Hearing the good news，she burst into laughing．
②现在分词的完成式表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前，常用作状语。
Having finished her homework，she went to bed．
Ⅲ．动名词
动名词既具有动词的一些特征(允许有自己的宾语)，又具有名词的一些特征(可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等)。
动名词的时态与语态
1)构成：与"V-ing"分词的构成相同
2)时态：
①动名词的完成式表示其动作先于谓语动词的动作。
They regret not having taken your advice．
②动名词的一般式也可表示一个先于谓语动词的动作。
I remember seeing a film．
．
①动名词的被动语态表示它的逻辑主语是动名词所表示的动作的承受者。
He dislikes being interrupted during his study．
②动名词的被动态有自己的逻辑主语。
He was so surprised at being discovered that he didn’t even try to run away．
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