本文目录
独立主格结构的八种形式
一、独立主格结构基本构成形式 名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语) 1. 名词(代词)+现在分词Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance.黑夜笼罩大地,谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。 2. 名词(代词)+过去分词The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。 3. 名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book. 我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。 4. 名词(代词)+形容词The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse.特洛伊人睡着了,于是希腊士兵从中空的木马里悄悄爬了出来。Computers very small, we can use them widely. 电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。 5. 名词(代词)+副词The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。 6. 名词(代词)+名词His first shot failure,he fired again.他第一枪没击中,又打了一枪。Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 两百人死于事故,其中有许多儿童。 7. 名词(代词) +介词短语He lay at full length upon his stomach,his head resting upon his left forearm.他的脊背朝天,四肢伸展,头枕着左臂,直挺挺地趴伏着。Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house,a vast load of firewood on her back.每天下午,一个背着一大背柴禾的老妇人都会从那间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过。 二、with,without 引导的独立主格结构 with ( without)+宾语(名词/代词)+宾语补足语,宾语通常由名词或代词充当,但代词一定要用宾格。上文的独立主格结构的几种情况都适用于此结构。 The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was. 小女孩把盒子藏了起来,没有人知道它在哪里。(without +名词/代词+动词的-ing形式) Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room. 她没再说什么话就离开了会议室。(without+名词/代词+动词的-ed形式) The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit. 有这么多的名胜可参观,小孩很激动。(with+名词/代词+动词不定式) The boy was walking, with his father ahead. 父亲在前,小孩在后走着。(with+名词/代词+副词) He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand. 或He stood at the door, computer in hand. 他站在门口,手里拿着一部电脑。(with+名词/代词+介词短语) With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. 由于儿子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快乐。(with+名词/代词+形容词)在with (without) 的复合结构中,多数情况下with 能省略,但without 不能省略。
独立主格8种基本句型例句和非谓语
独立主格8种基本句型例句是:
1、名词/代词+现在分词。
2、名词/代词+过去分词。
3、名词/代词+不定式。
4、名词/代词+名词。
5.名词/代词+形容词短语。
6.名词/代词+副词。
7.名词/代词+介词短语。
8.with引导的复合结构,也可以认为是一种独立主格结构。
现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。
例The man lay there, his hands trembling.
So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off.
His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep.
注:“独立结构”中的being或having been有时可以省去,这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。
独立主格不定式和现在分词
英语的独立主格由“名词或代词+形容词、副词、分词不、不定式等”构成,其中的“名词或代词”用主格形式,起逻辑主语的作用,其后的“形容词、副词、分词不、不定式等”起逻辑谓语的作用。注意,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
在“名词/代词+动词不定式”这类独立主格结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。如:
We divided the work, he to dean the window and I to sweep the floor. 我们分了工,他擦窗户,我扫地。
A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle and so on. 许多官员尾随皇帝之后,有的拎着皇帝的衣袍,有的则给他整腰带,等等。
He is leaving for the conference next week, all expenses to be paid by his company. 他下周去参加一个会议,所有费用由他的公司支付。
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book. 我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
说白了,就是俩句子凑一块,之间没有连接词。主句有谓语,随从句的谓语被不定式代替。独立主格作为随从句中的主语,如果随从句中的动词和独立主格是主动关系,则to + V原, 若为被动,则to be + Vpp.
望采纳!
英语独立结构与独立主格结构
这句话用不定式的主动形式to look after 与独立主格结构无关,而与动词不定式作定语有关。作定语时,被修饰词是person(人)时,不定式可用主动或者用被动,意思上一般没有什么不同。换句话说:能用主动何必用被动来自寻麻烦呢?
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