本文目录
作文该怎么写
高中作文是从写人、写事转入议论文的过程，
高一还是以记叙文、写人、写事为主。
要文章写的美，要多看散文尤其是台湾老一批林语堂、梁实秋他们的，喜欢歌可以看看林夕的东西。
我们作文是有定式的，这是八股文，关键在题材，要新但不能瞎编，核心在拔高，
从小要我们总结中心思想，其实那就是拔高的东西，文章都一样。关键在事例。
至于描写手法就是“语动心神”。写人看事，写事还是写人。
慢慢琢磨的看吧，讲作文多年，其实很无赖，本人还是喜欢散文、杂文。
英语作文三不八要
英语高考日渐凸显了书面表达的权重。然而考试日近，在考前的很短时间内还能使书面表达再提高一步吗？回答是肯定的。高考书面表达测试，要求短文内容清楚连贯、结构完整、逻辑性强、主题突出、用词及文体恰当。教师在评分时主要关注内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量及准确性、上下文的连贯性与语言的得体性。
以2008 年安徽题为例：
假定你是李华，David 是你的美国笔友。他对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣，来信向你询问此事。请你给他写封回信。主要内容如下：
感谢他的关注。简要介绍相关情况。谈谈你的感想。
注意：
词数100左右，信的格式已为你写好。
可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：环抱购物袋---environment-friendly shopping bag; 关注---concern.
Dear David,
I’m glad that you’ve noticed our efforts directed towards environmental protection. Thank you for your concern.( David对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣，来信向你询问此事。感谢他的关注。两句话将问题说明白了，用directed引导的一个分词短语来体现语法结构的多样性。)
As too much use of plastic bags has caused serious white pollution, our government encourages us to use environment-friendly shopping bags. These bags are made of a variety of material that can be easily treated when they become rubbish. Besides, they can be reused. More and more people in China have realized the advantages of such bags and started using them.( 简要介绍相关情况，根据内容要点适当增加了that can be easily treated when they become rubbish等细节，以使行文连贯。这一段中besides很好地起到了承上启下的作用。)
I believe that the wide use of these shopping bags can greatly improve our environment. This is one of the many steps we are to make our country an even cleaner place.( 短信至此theme部分完成，谈个人想法了。)
上述短文分三段，连贯清楚，结构完整。在第一段中使用了非谓语动词短语，中间叙述部分有定语从句，最后一段又用了we are to make our country an even cleaner place 这样较为复杂的语言结构，达到了各项要求。对于中等程度的考生而言，写出这样水平的短文并不难。
结合2008年各地高考试卷，不难发现各道书面表达的题目做到了贴近生活、容易表达，所叙述的内容发生过、正发生或很快能发生的事。即使稍有难度的题目如湖北要求更换手机信，福建的英语招聘广告也没有超出考生认知和应当掌握的范围。
下面就以2008年北京卷作为实例，与同学们谈组织短文应注意的方方面面，了解什么叫好文，得分低的文章问题所在，如何改进。
假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing” 的英文稿件。 请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程。
注意： 词数不少于60.
提示词：游乐园 amusement park 垃圾箱 bin
例文
Last week, our class decided to have a spring outing. Everyone was creativity to enjoy the discussion about the destination of the outing. Someone said to go the amusement park. Someone said to go boating and then, our monitor said “How about to go the mountain?” everyone agreed her idea.
So, next day morning, we began our outing. We arrived the destination by bus. As we had planed before, everyone of us all taking a big bag many plastic bags. Because, except playing, we have another destinate is to protect the environment. The mountain is so beautiful that we all very excited to climb the mountain. During the way, when we found the rubbish on the ground, we pick them up and then put them into our plastic bags.
When we arrived the top of the mountain, we found a lot of rubbish on the ground. It was so dirty so we cleaned the ground clearly and carefully. After a short time, the ground was clean again.
After we got down from the mountain, we put the rubbish into the bin but before this, we part the rubbish in two kinds, recycle or unrecycle. I think, spring outing was very useful.
上面是篇三类文。
第一段长处是基本介绍了第一幅画的内容，但是语言、语句错误较多，比如Everyone was creativity, 很可能是active; Someone said to go the amusement park,常识告诉我们， 英语中没有say to do sth.这一用法。更不可能how about to go … , 因为介词后面不是不定式。
第二段作者对第二幅画描述，依照常理，文章的重点应当是后两张画，但是作者却用了较多笔墨，给人喧宾夺主的印象，更何况作者根本就忽略了天气、季节、美景。此外语言语法错误频出，如：the next morning; We arrived at the destination; As we had planned before; everyone of us all taking a big bag many plastic bags中谓语是谁？we have another destinate is to protect the environment姑且不论此句在文章中的作用，单就语法而言就无法说通，另外we all very excited to climb the mountain，能这样写吗？正确写法是we were all excited. 至于we pick them 的时态，与其他错相比，在这段中都算不得大错了。
在山上捡拾垃圾的第三段用词最明显的错误是we cleaned the ground，与图示大相径庭。
最后结尾部分I think, spring outing was very useful. 与全文有何逻辑关系？
总之，描述上的疏漏和诸多的错误影响了达意。这样的小文只能不及格。
如果此文的作者能依照提示将第二幅画写足，文章的最后一句的useful换成unforgettable，至少能升格为这个档次的最高！那样的话不就是及格分了吗？
Last week, the students in my class decided to go out for a spring outing. Some of us wanted to go to the amusement park. Some wanted to go boating and some wanted to climb the mountain. Finally we decide to climb the mountain.
I was a shiny day. All of us were happy. But when we reached the top of the mountain. We foud that rubbish everywhere! We picked the rubbish and threw them into the dustbin.
I think, we shouldn’t throw the rubbish everywhere and we should do our best to protect the environment. The more we do. The more beautiful the earth will be!
同学们读过上面短文后会得到什么样的印象？肯定不佳！其实第一段交待第一幅画还是基本合格的，虽然we decide是个时态错，但能看出是忽略。第二段寥寥三两句就把后面的三幅画解释了，这与提示从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程这一要求相去太远了！
其实本文的作者对语言的把握较强，凭他的水平把二至四几幅画描述清楚，从而晋升至二类文应当没有疑问，然而，看题不认真使得他的文章落到四类文档次，多可惜！这难道不是技术层面的问题吗？为此，向广大考生提出英语作文写作的三不和八要。
三不：
切忌蜘蛛文，英语词句写的像蜘蛛爬，使改卷老师难于辨认，有此类毛病者多为男生或英语基础相对薄弱的男同学；
不写蚂蚁文，词小得像蚂蚁，阅读起来颇费力，这种文章多出自女生之首；
坚决摒弃作战地图文！这里特别提醒书写习惯欠佳的同学，不能在书面表达过程中胡涂乱改瞎划。改进的办法是事先打草稿。用7~8分钟打草稿，搭个架子，然后再润色。
八要：
一、细读提示
明白要你写什么，用哪种文体，都有些什么具体要求，比如：
2008年江苏卷要求：
1. 对所给要点，注意陈述，不要简单翻译；
2. 词数150左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
3. 演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
安徽提示词数100左右，信的格式已写好，那就意味着考生在写信时应加上开头；湖南08年要求考生就三个人物中你最喜欢的一位写。
二、写全要点
表格类文一个不能少，图画类要看说明，如天津根据三幅画写日记，在记叙中不能丢到重要环节。
三、卷面干净
下文就没做到卷面干净。（高考作文实样）
四、书写认真
这篇书写就很认真。（高考作文实样[见图三]）
五、详略适度
看图写故事当中存在详写与略写，请考生注意。
六、亮点突出
再以2008年北京文为例：
Our Spring Outing
Last week, our class organized a spring outing. To make this memorable activity more wonderful, we discussed the destination carefully and finally decided to go mountain-climbing instead of other choices like playing in an amusement park and going boating.
With high spirits, we started our spring outing on a fine day. Flowers presented us with their sweetest smiles and we were soaked up in the warm sunshine. However, we were shocked when we reached the top of the mountain. Waste bottles and used packages were thrown everywhere which totally ruined the beauty of the nature. Feeling a great pity for the tourists, we picked up the rubbish and carefully divided them into two groups: the recycle ones and the non-recycle ones. After that we put the rubbish into the bin differently.
We call on awareness on protecting our environment which is of great importance. Though clearing up the rubbish was a tough task, our hearts were filled with joy and we will remember this outing for ever.
上文中斜体部分就很能catch the teachers’ eye, 为文章增色。
七、承上启下
上文中What’s worse, we…和Thanks to the compass, we… 就很好地起到了承接上文并导出下文的作用。
八、层次分明
高考写文虽不长，但还是有层次的，建议同学门分成三段为好，让人一目了然。
以下是上学期北京两个区的作文题，请同学们依照前面我讲的各项练一练笔。
流浪宠物在北京街头逐渐增多，它们不仅污染环境，而且传播疾病。假设你是阳光中学高三(5) 班学生李华，上周你班开展了关爱流浪宠物的主题班会，请你为某中学生英语报投稿，提出你们对解决这一问题的建议：
1) 政府建立相关动物保护法规；
2) 宠物的主人善待宠物，不抛弃宠物；
3) 鼓励相关组织和个人收养流浪宠物。
注意：信的开头已为你写好，作答时请将其抄在答题卡上。
参考词汇： 流浪宠物: stray animals
你和李明参加了一次野外生存训练，以下5幅图画表现了野外训练活动的过程，请根据图示写一篇英文日记。
注意：1.字数100字左右
2.日记的开头和结尾已为你写好
生词：指南针：compass. n.
手电筒：flashlight. n.
急救包：first-aid kit
宿营地：campsite. n.
Dear Editor,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Class Five Senior Three, Yangguang Middle School.
Last week we had a class meeting about taking care of stray animals. Nowadays more and more stray animals are wandering the streets. Those stray animals not only pollute the environment, but also spread infectious diseases. To solve this problem, first we think the government should establish animal protection law and regulations to punish the people for deserting pets. Second, the pet-owners should appreciate their pets and don’t throw them out. Third, the relevant organizations and all the people in the city should be encouraged to adopt the stray animals.
My classmates have decided to adopt several stray cats living near our school. Animals are our friends, and we should love them.
Yours,
Li Hua
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