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独立主格题目解析
独立主格,首先它是一个“格”,而不是一个“句子”,在英语中任何一个句子都要有主谓结构,而在这个结构中,没有真正的主语和谓语动词,但又在逻辑上构成主谓或主表关系,因而成为考试尤其选择题中的一个难点。
英语独立主格常见类型介绍 独立主格类型1:名词(代词)+现在分词
The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后,我们就回家了。
We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假设天气好,我们就进行比赛。
The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班长病了,我们最好还是延期开会吧。
独立主格类型2:名词(代词)+过去分词
The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公车已经走了,我们必须走路回家。
More time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更好。
独立主格类型3:名词(代词)+不定式
Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天没有人来,我们将把会议推迟到下周。
So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人来帮助他,他一定会成功的。
独立主格类型4:名词(代词)+介词短语
The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵们端着枪冲了进来。
A girl came in, book in hand. 一个少女进来了,手里拿着书。
He was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等着,眼睛望着她的背影。
独立主格类型5:名词(代词)+形容词或副词
He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排,嘴半开着。
She sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前,衣领已解掉,头低了下来,拿好钢笔,准备开始写一封长信。
独立主格类型6:There being +名词(代词)
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做,我们就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了,我宣布散会。
独立主格类型7:It being +名词(代词)
It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故,政府机关都休息。
It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日,所有商店都关门了。
请看下面一道题
Not far from the school there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.
A. its B. whose C. which D. that
【分析】此题很容易误选B,许多同学会认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句,whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词 owner。此分析从表面上看,似乎天衣无缝,但实质上是错的,原因是空格后根本不是一个句子,因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词,但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学认为,其中的 seated 可视为谓语动词(错了 实际上在这里是过去分词的形式 表示一种经常性的伴随状况),但是注意,seat 用作动词时,它总是及物的,其后要么接宾语,要么它就用于被动语态,所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is,则可以选择B(当然若将 seated 改为sitting,也应选择B)。所以此题最佳答案选A。
分词作状语和独立主格结构
因为friends是被邀请,独立主格的主被动根据独立主格的主语来确定。
希望能帮助到你,望采纳
独立主格是什么意思
把这句改成时间状语从句,是:When her work was finished, she sat down for a cup of tea. 而having been finished这是动词的ing表主动,使得这句主语变成了work,但独立主格中没有真正的主语,所以是相互矛盾的,你也可以改成Having finished her work, she sat down for a cup of tea. 但这样就不是一个独立主格形式了。
好久没学英语了,好多东西都有点忘了- -
英语语法独立主格结构讲解
see sb do(省略to的不定式)或者doing的结构归类是
及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,(又称复合宾语)
为什么说do或者doing是宾语补足语,或者如何判断宾语补足语,一个很好的方法:
在宾语后面加一个be动词,通顺的话就是宾语补足语了,如
see sb. is (to)do/doing sth,通顺吧?
have sth done也是一样的,就是sth is done。
在第一个宾语之后加了be动词之后如果不通顺的话就是双宾语
如 give the boy a book 在the boy后加了is之后,就成了the boy is a book 不通,故是双宾语
独立主格结构:简单的说吧,这个“主”就是“主语”,但又不完全等于“主语”,因为主语是相对于句子而言的,“独立主格结构”是一个结构,不是一个句子,所以我们把这个“主”叫作“逻辑主语”,主语一般是动作的“执行者”(主动语态)或者“承受者”(被动语态),也就是说,结构中还有一个动词或者表示状态的词,常称其为非谓语,为什么不称其谓语动词的原因在于:谓语动词出现在句子中,而独立主格结构中的动词就是非谓语了。
简单的几个形式:
逻辑主语+doing(主动,可有时态变化)
There being a heavy rain ,we have to stay at home
区别:There is a heavy rain 。So,we have to stay at home
逻辑主语+done(被动,可有时态变化)
Most of the work left undone,the manager order the staff to move faster than before。
区分:Most of the work lwas eft undone
and the manager order the staff to move faster than before
逻辑主语+形容词或者副词、介词短语
He is seating on the sofa,pen in his hand。
区分:He is seating on the sofa and there is a pen in his hand
with+逻辑主语+doing/done或者形容词、副词等
They were so surprised and worried when they got home ,with all the things gone 。
一般前三个结构前加个with都是可以的
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