本文目录
高中英语作文常用句型
高中英语作文常用句型
在日复一日的学习、工作或生活中,大家都有写作文的经历,对作文很是熟悉吧,通过作文可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。那么你有了解过作文吗?以下是我收集整理的高中英语作文常用句型,希望能够帮助到大家。
高中英语作文常用句型1
1.It is important for everyone to learn English well in our rapidly developing world. 在这个迅速发展的世界里,对每个人来说,学好英语是非常重要的。
2.The harder you work at it, the more progress you will make.
3.你工作越努力,你取得的进步就越大。
4.If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献,世界会变得更加美好。
5.The best way to remember new words is to practice them everyday.
6.记忆新单词最好的方法是每天操练这些单词。
7.The atmosphere in my family is fantastic. 我的家庭气氛温馨和睦。
8.The reason why people choose to live in the city is that the life is more convenient and colorful.
9.人们为什么选择生活在城市的原因是因为城市的`生活更方便、更多彩。
10.I had a great first impression of American people.
11.我对美国人民有了很好的第一印象。
12.We have lots of confidence in our ability to solve any problem.
13.我们对自己解决问题的能力有足够的信心。
14.With the rapid development of modern technology, the Internet has become a necessary part of our daily life and work.
15.随着现代科技的迅速发展,互联网已经成为生活和工作中必不可少的一部分。
16.You should read as many books as you possibly can.
17.China is becoming more and more prosperous because of the reform and “opening up” policy. 由于实施了改革开放政策,中国变得更加繁荣了。
18.We all need clean air to breathe; we all need clean water to drink; we all need green places to enjoy.我们都需要呼吸清新的空气,我们都需要饮用洁净的水,我们都需要绿地来享受。
19.Let’s work together to make our world a better place.
20.让我们一起努力把世界变得更加美好。
21.I suppose electronic dictionaries are convenient, but Iead to laziness! 我觉得电子字典很方便,但会使人们变懒。
22.In conclusion, the advantages of studying abroad outweigh its disadvantages 总之,出国留学的优点要大于它的缺点。
23.Now, I think it is really successful experience, and I totally understand what labor means.现在,我想这真是一次成功的经历,并且我完全理解了劳动的意义。
24.From this earthquake, I realized that the power of the mass is endless. 通过这次的地震,我认识到了群众的力量是无穷的。
25.If you have spare time to visit my hometown, I’d be more than happy to be your guide.如果你有空闲时间我的家乡做客,我会非常乐意做你的导游。
26.Nowadays, both teachers and parents worry a great deal about the student’s using the Internet.如今,老师和家长都对学生上网现象极为担心。
27.Views on the issue in question vary from person to person.
28.对于该问题的看法因人而异。
29.We are blessed with new opportunities and faced with new challenges. 我们被赋予新的机会和面临着新的挑战。
30.Thank you for your consideration.感谢你的体谅。
31.I really appreciate what you’ve done for my family and me.
32.我衷心感谢你为我和我家人所做的一切。
33.We should be very grateful if you help our children with their English study 如果你帮助我们小孩学英语,我们将感激不尽。
34.We should make full use of our time to do useful and productive things. 我们应该充分利用好时间去做有用的、富有成效的事。
35.In 2008, you will see Beijing as beautiful as a garden, with cleaner water and clearer sky.到2008年,我们会看到北京像花园一样,有着更加清澈的河水和碧透的天空。
36.How nice to hear from you again.能再次收到你的来信真是太好了。
37.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.敬盼早日回复。
38.I’m looking forward to meeting you in no time.我期待与你早日相见。
39.If you have any questions or requests, please let me know.
40.如果你有什么问题和请求只管跟我说。
41.No matter what you do in the future, English will always be important. 不管你将来做什么,英语都是最重要的。
42.Nothing is more important than to receive education.
43.没有什么比接受教育更重要的事了
44.There is no doubt that playing video game is going to be their biggest problem for students to affect study.毫无疑问,玩电子游戏正在成为影响学生学习的最大问题。
45.Obviously, it is high/(about) time that we took some effective measures to solve the problem.显然,早该采取一些积极的措施来解决问题。
46.I suggest the department concerned taking some effective measures to improve the present situation.我建议有关部门采取一些有效措施改善现状。
47.Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
48.自从他上高中,他一直很用功。
49.We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
50.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
51.Smoking has a great influence on our health.
52.As a proverb says, /( As is well known to us,) storms make trees take deeper roots.有句名言说道:风暴使树木深深扎根。
高中英语作文常用句型2
一、总结句型
1) ……in general/above all/with the result that
2) As far as I am concerned/as for me,……
3) This truth above seems to be self-evident.
4) Whether we examine the ……above,such things can happens anywhere anytime to anyone.
5) In my point of view,I like/prefer A much more than B.
6) I still prefer A,however,for they teach me not only to be ……but also to be……,both in ……and in……
7) There is no doubt that……
8) In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should efforts to……
9) To a large extent,……,therefore,reflects……
10) If all above mentioned measures are achieved,……
11) Wherever you are and whatever you do,……is always meaningful.
12) So clear/evident/obvious it is that there are quite different opinions on it.
13) Now,which one do you prefer——the one……or the one……? Were it left to me to select,I should not hesitated a moment to choose the former/latter.
二、开首句型
1) Have you ever gone……? Have you ever been to……? If you have no experience like these,your life is an inadequate one.
2) Are you……? Are you……? We are,usually.
3) In large part as a consequence of……,somebody have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on something.
4) We expect the day will come when A with its characteristic of……
5) Being adj.is one of the virtues that people must possess (not only in……but also in……/during……/when……)
6) What A to B,that C to D
7) Currently,there is a widespread/serious concern over that……
8) The reasons for the……are manifold,for instance,……
9) Several factors contribute to this……,such as……,as for as I’m concerned,however,……is the most significant ingredient/element.
10) ……is more violent than what we thought it should be before.
11) There are intimate relations between the two.
三、并列句型
1) Some people like A due to…… However,there are many young people,including me,especially like B.
2) There might be two reasons,I think……,for the change.
3) A and B are both important,they are attribute which are equally necessary for a person to achieve success in his life.
4) Different people have different attitudes towards……,some believe that……others,however,argue that……still others maintain that……
5) First……besides,in addition……what’s more……
6) For one thing……nevertheless,for another……
四、转折句型
1)……Such defects as mentioned above can be prevented by the other way of ……
2) Except for ……’s sake only.
3) Perhaps A is the wrong word,however,B might be better.
4) First……last but not least……
5) Shall we do this? Not necessary the case.
6) ……,and vice versa indeed .
7) On the contrary,in spite of these increase……
8) Compared with A,B has many advantages such as……
9) Not so much…… as he had talked about.
10) ……,the truth of the matter,however,is that……
11) For some,the way maybe right,nevertheless,for many others……
12) As everything going to the extreme has its negative aspects,so has……
13) It is fairly well know that……however,it is less know that……
14) ……,but this was not always the case.
15) At first,……different in their opinions,on second thoughts,however,all of them agree to……
16) None the less(尽管如此)……
17) When people succeed,it is because of hard work,however,luck has a lot to do with it too.
18) ……,sometimes it isn’t totally the case,however.
19) Do some A else but B.
五、名理句型
1) It is usually the case that ……
2) It is plain common sense——the more/less……the more/less……
3) The serious reality had taught us a lesson:not being environment friendly will be avenged mercilessly.
4) As a proverb says/as is known to all/as a popular saying goes,……
5) I can think of no better illustration than an English poem/adage which goes like this:……
6) The old story of……can serve as a good illustration that……
六、强调句型
1) With/due to/spurred by……we can certainly cope with any task we are faced with,that is,……
2) The reason why……is no other than……as I know.
3) The same thing is true with……
4) What I want to point out is that,for a person who wants to be successful in life and to be useful in society,he will have to learn to be both A and B.
5) What a wonderful picture? Especially for we students always swimming in the sea of books!
6) It’s high time that immediate measures were taken to better the strength and face the challenges.
7) Before everything else,……is the secret of success.
七、图表句型
1) From the figures/statistics given in the table it can be seen/noticed that……
2) From the graph/table/diagram/chart above,we can see that……obviously.
3) As show in the chart/by the graph……
4) Have you ever anticipated the prospects of……in the coming decades? Let us just take a look at the figures of……as shown in the graph above.
5) The gap between……and……will be further widened.
6) In face of increasingly serious shortage of energy,we should take effective measures/which of the measures we should take?
7) It is clear that the increase of percentage gets greater and greater.
8) By……,the number of……had less/more than doubled/tripled compared with that of……
9)短语:made up about……/the figure amounted to/will rise to/will reach/will double that/will tripled that
高中英语作文常用句型3
1、at the same time 同时 for instance 例如
2、Besides/what,s more 而且;此外 from now on 从此
3、but 但是 by this time 此时
4、after a few days 几天以后 certainly 无疑地;当然地
5、beside 此外 for this purpose 为了这个目的
6、of course当然 truly 事实上;真实地
7、by and large 一般说来 thus 因此
8、all the same 依然;照样 however 然而;无论如何
9、to begin with 首先;第一 一方面…(另一方面)
10、meanwhile 与此同时 thirdly 第三
11、as a result结果 in sum 总之,简而言之
12、in the first place 首先;第一 on the whole 总起来说
13、above all 最重要的是 accordingly 于是
14、after all 毕竟 fortunately 幸运地
15、no doubt 无疑地 such as 正如
16、by doing so 如此 to sum up 总而言之
17、all in all 总之
18、at first 最初 for one thing…(for another)
19、certainly 当然地;无疑地 obviously 显然
20、currently 目前;最后 recently 最近
21、in addition 此外 second 第二;第二点
22、in fact 事实上 unlike 不像……;和……不同
23、obviously 明显地 later 后来
24、as a matter of fact 事实上 yet仍;然而;但是
25、moreover 而且,此外 for another 其次
26、in short 简而言之 truly 的确
27、in fact 事实上 similarly 同样地
28、still 仍然 unfortunately 不幸地
29、also/too 并且;又 for example 例如
30、in addition to… 除…之外 secondly 第二
31、in conclusion 总之,最后 undoubtedly 无疑
32、at the same time同时;然而 luckily 幸运地
33、indeed 的确 third 第三;第三点
34、in brief 简言之 no doubt 毫无疑问
35、particularly特别地 unlike …不像……;和……不同
36、anyway 无论如何 in spite of 尽管……;虽然……
37、though/although 尽管 no doubt 无疑地
38、at present 现在;当今 首先…(其次)…
39、finally 最后 to conclude 总而言之
40、in particular 特别(地) soon 不久
41、briefly 简单扼要地 to speak frankly 坦白地说
42、eventually 最后 surely 无疑
43、what is more 而且;此外
44、in the same way 同样地 still 仍然
45、at last 最后 therefore 因此
46、as I have said 如我所述 on the whole 总体来说;整个看来
47、in a word 总之 so 所以
48、presently 现在;此刻 now 现在
49、first(ly)第一 in general 一般说来
50、even though即使 otherwise 否则
51、in/by contrast 对比之下 on the contrary 相反地
52、in the beginning 起初 one the one hand…(on the other hand)
53、in other words 换句话说 so 所以
54、after/after that/afterwards此后 by this time 此时
55、first of all 首先;第一 generally speaking 一般地说
56、lately 最近 to start with 首先;第一
57、as has been noted 如前所述 in summary 简要地说
58、after a while过了一会儿 therefore 因此;结果
59、by the way 顺便提一句 then 然后
;高中英语写作必背句型课件
高中英语写作必背句型
三十五个经典句型 帮你过写作关
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.
(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)
例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)
例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)
例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)
例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的优点是...)
例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won‘t create (produce) any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的原因是...)
例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 (如此...以致于...)
例句:So precious is time that we can‘t afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)
例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈...愈...)
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.
你愈努力,你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.
我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...,..能够..)
例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..)
例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了)
例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)
例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)
It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)
It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)
例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)
例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don‘t like it.
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式...(过去...年来,...一直...)
例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。
例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中,他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)
例句:It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on (以...为基础)
例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力的`美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让...明白...事)
例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与...息息相关)
例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
= make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯)
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)
例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)
例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)
例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对...有很大的影响)
例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、do good to (对...有益),do harm to (对...有害)
例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁)
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、do one‘s utmost to + V = do one‘s best (尽全力去...)
例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
高中英语常用句型及例句50个ppt
高中英语常用句型及例句50个有:
Nothing is + 形容词比较级 than to + 动词原形 ;Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to 。
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。)
例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
高中语文文言文特殊句式分类汇总
高中语文文言文教学中,特殊句式是教师教授的重要内容,那么具体有哪些特殊句式是需要我们掌握的呢?下面是我给大家带来的高中语文必考的文言文特殊句式,希望对你有帮助。
高中语文必考的文言文特殊句式
一、判断句
(1)用“者……也”表判断
“廉颇者,赵之良将也。”
(2)句末用“者也”表判断
“城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也。”
(3)用“者”表判断
“四人者,庐陵萧君圭君玉,长乐王回深父,余弟安国平父,安上纯父。”
(4)用动词“为”或判断词“是”表判断
用“为”联系主语和谓语,表示判断。例如:马超、韩遂尚在关西,为操后患。
“为天下理财,不为征利。”
“ 问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏晋。”“巨是凡人,偏在远郡……”
“同行十二年,不知木兰是女郎。” “汝是大家子。”
(5)用“即”“乃”“则”“皆”“本”“诚”“亦”“素”等副词表示肯定判断,兼加强语气,用“非”表示否定判断
今天子有急,此乃臣效命之秋也。
此诚危急存亡之秋也。
梁将即楚将项燕。
此则岳阳楼之大观也。
“ 臣本布衣。”
“且相如素贱人。”
“ 鱼,我所欲也,熊掌亦我所欲也。”
对否定判断学生常易忽略,因此要特别注意。例如:
子非我,安知我不知鱼之乐?(你不是我,怎么知道我不知道鱼的快乐?)
予本非文人画士。
(6)无标志判断句。
文言文中的判断句有的没有任何标志,直接由名词对名词作出判断。
如:“刘备天下枭雄。”(《赤壁之战》)
不用语气词,完全由词序来体现。
例如:此人力士。
注意点:判断句中谓语前出现的“是”一般都不是判断词,而是指示代词,作判断句的主语,而有些判断句中的“是”也并非都不表示判断,“是”在先秦古汉语中少作判断词,在汉以后作判断词则多起来。
二、 被动句
所谓被动,是指主语与谓语之间的关系是被动关系,也就是说,主语是位于动词所表示的行为的被动者、受害者,而不是主动者、实施者。文言文中,被动句的主语是谓语动词所表示的行为被动者,受事者,而不是主动者,施事者。在古汉语中,在古汉语中,被动句主要有两大类型:一是在标志的被动句,即借助一些被动词来表示,二是无标志的被动句,又叫意念被动句。
(一)有标志古代汉语表被动的句式主要有四种:
(1)用“于”表示被动关系。用介词“于”引出行为的主动者,“于”放到动词后,它的形式是:“动词+于+主动者”。例如:王建禽于秦。(齐王建被秦国活捉了。禽,通擒)
【简析】句中的“于”用在动词“禽”的后边,引出动作行为的主动者“秦”,表示被动。“于”可译为“被”。这种被动句有两个条件:一是主语“王建”是受动者。二是句子里有表示被动的词“于”。
(2)用“见”来表示被动关系。在动词前用“见”或又在动词后加“于”引进主动者。它的形式是:“见+动词”或者“见+动词+于+主动者”。
虽欲强聒,终必不蒙见察。(我虽然想再说一些,但考虑不一定被理解)
句中的“见”,用在动词“察”前,表示被动,“见察”,即“被察”之意。
臣恐见欺于王而负赵。(我担心被您欺骗而对不起赵国)
(3)用“为”表示被动关系。“为”放在动词前边引出行为的主动者,它的形式是:“为+主动者+动词”或者“为+主动者+所+动词”。例如:
①若背其言,臣死,妻子为戮,无益于君。(如果背弃了他所说的话,我死了,妻子儿女也将被杀,对君王您也没有好处)
②茅屋为秋风所破(草房被秋风吹坏了)
(4)用“受”“被”“受……于”表示被动关系。它的形式是:“被(受)+动词”或者“被(受)+动词+于+主动者”。例如:
①信而见疑,忠而被谤,能无怨乎?
“被”用在动词前表被动。
②吾不能举全吴之地,十万之众,受制于人。
【简析】“受……于……”表示被动,可译为“被”,“于”引出主动者“人”。这种句式数量较少。
(二)无标志
这种情况是指没有被动词的被动句。如:“荆州之民附操者,逼兵势耳。”(《资治通鉴》)这里的“逼兵势”是“被兵势所逼”的意思。
注意点: “见”有一种特殊用法和表被动的“见”的形式很相近,如:“冀君实或见怒也。”(《答司马谏议书》)这里的“见”不表被动,它是放在动词前,表示对自己怎么样的客气说法,像现代汉语中的“见谅”等那为此种用法。
三、宾语前置
(1)否定句中代词宾语经常前置。
否定句就是有否定词“不”“毋”“未”“莫”等的句子。在这类句子中,代词作宾语时,则常常放在动词前面。例如:
①我无尔诈,尔无我虞。②每自比于管仲、乐毅,时人莫之许也。
③《硕鼠》:“三岁贯汝,莫我肯顾。”“莫我肯顾”应理解成“莫肯顾我”。
【简析】①句的“尔”“我”,代词,分别作动词“诈”“虞”的宾语,因两个分句都是否定句,所以“尔”、“我”分别放在“诈”“虞”的前面,放在否定词“无”(毋)的后面。②句的“之”,代词,指代自比管仲、乐毅的说法,用在否定句中,作动词“许”的宾语,放在“许”的前面、否定副词“莫”的后面。
【解析】从上面的例句中可以得出这样的结论:否定句中宾语代词前置,必须具备两个条件:第一,宾语必须是代词,第二,全句必须是否定句,即必须有否定副词“不、未、毋(无)”等或表示否定的不定代词“莫”。代词宾语要放在动词之前否定词之后。
如果宾语不是代词,即使是否定句,也不用宾语前置这种格式。例如:
①君子不重伤,不禽二毛。
②未绝鼓音。
③宫妇左右莫不私王,朝廷之臣莫不畏王。
【简析】这三个句子都是否定句,由于宾语“二毛”(头发斑白的老人)、“鼓音”“王”都是名词,而不是代词,故不能前置。
(2)宾语用代词复指。
这一类宾语前置的特点是在宾语前置的同时,还要在宾语后面用代词“是”或“之”复指一下,“是”或“之”也要放在动词的前面。例如:
①日居月诸,下土是冒。(太阳呀月亮呀,照耀大地)
②君亡之不恤,而群臣是忧。〔我们的国君(晋惠公)不怜恤自己流亡在外,却忧虑着我们群臣〕
③秉国之均,四方是维。(掌握国家政权,天下赖你维持)
【简析】①句的“下土”是动词“冒”的宾语,为了强调宾语,把宾语提到动词“冒”的前边,在被提前的宾语与动词“冒”之间插进代词“是”表示复指。②句的“亡”是“恤”的宾语,借助代词“之”复指宾语,把宾语提前。③句的“四方是维”就是“维(保护)四方”,此是借助代词“是”复指宾语,使宾语前置。
用这种宾语前置的格式时,还可以在宾语之前加上“惟(唯)”,构成“惟(唯)……是……”或“惟(唯)……之……”的格式,强调宾语的作用就更加明显。例如:
④率师以来,唯敌是求。
晋出入,余唯利是视。
⑥父母唯其疾之忧。
【简析】“唯敌是求”就是“求敌”;“唯利是视”,就是“视利”;“唯其疾之忧”就是“忧其疾”。用了“唯……是……”和“唯……之……”的格式,宾语在句中的作用就比较突出。现代汉语从古代吸收的成语里有“唯命是听”“唯利是图”等说法,就是这种语法格式的保留。
(3)疑问句中代词宾语前置
《鸿门宴》:“良问曰:‘大王来何操?’”
(4)介词宾语前置:
《岳阳楼记》:“臆!微斯人吾谁与归?”
(5) 方位词、时间词作宾语时,有时也前置
“业文南向坐。”(《史记.项羽本记》
四、主谓倒置
为了强调谓语,有时将谓语置于主语之前。这仅仅是因为语言表达的需要。
如,“甚矣,汝之不惠(慧)!”(《愚公移山》)另外,还有定语置于中心词之后,修饰名词的量词放在名词之后等特殊现象,因不常用,因此按下不表。
1、嘻!晏子之家若是其贫也! (《晏子春秋•晏子辞千金》)
2、悲哉,世也!(《工之侨献琴》)
五、状语后置
现代汉语中状语置于谓语之前,若置于位于之后便是补语。但在文言文中,处于补语的成分往往要以状语来理解。
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