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在英语语法中,状语从句是指起到修饰句子中动词、形容词、副词等成分的从句。状语从句可以分为以下几类:
时间状语从句
时间状语从句用来表示某个动作或事件发生的时间。常见的引导词包括when, after, before, while等。例如:
- She called me when she arrived home.(她到家后给我打了电话。)
- After we finish our work, we can go out for lunch.(我们完成工作后可以出去吃午饭。)
地点状语从句
地点状语从句用来表示某个动作或事件发生的地点。常见的引导词包括where, wherever, everywhere等。例如:
- He looked around to see where the noise was coming from.(他四处张望,想看看噪音是从哪里传来的。)
- Wherever you go, I will follow.(无论你去哪里,我都会跟随。)
原因状语从句
原因状语从句用来表示某个动作或事件的原因。常见的引导词包括because, since, as等。例如:
- She was late for the meeting because she missed the bus.(她迟到了会议,因为她错过了公交车。)
- As it was raining heavily, we decided to stay at home.(由于下大雨,我们决定呆在家里。)
条件状语从句
条件状语从句用来表示某个动作或事件的条件。常见的引导词包括if, unless, provided that等。例如:
- If you study hard, you will pass the exam.(如果你努力学习,你会通过考试。)
- Provided that you finish your work on time, you can leave early.(只要你按时完成工作,你可以早走。)
结果状语从句
结果状语从句用来表示某个动作或事件的结果。常见的引导词包括so that, such that, thereby等。例如:
- He worked hard so that he could get a promotion.(他努力工作以便能够升职。)
- She was so tired that she fell asleep immediately.(她太累了,以至于立刻睡着了。)
总之,状语从句在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色,不同类型的状语从句可以用来修饰不同的句子成分,使句子更加丰富多彩。