本文目录
宾语从句用法总结
宾语从句的连接词是that、whether、if，陈述语序结构是主语+谓语+宾语，主句为现在时，从句为任意时态。
宾语从句用法
语序为v.+主语+谓语+由if、whether引导宾语从句。
1.从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether，和疑问词（what，how，where，when...)。
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，
if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。
2.连接代词
连接代词主要有who，whom，whose，what，whoever，whomever，whosever，whatever，whichever等。
连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。
3.连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。
例句：He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。
注：宾语从句通常跟在名词或代词后面。
宾语从句顺口溜
宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展风采。
展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。
主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。
陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连。
特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换。
三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。
留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间。
宾语从句引导词及用法总结
宾语从句即指在主从复合句中用作宾语的从句。宾语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)以及连接代词或连接副词引导。宾语从句的词序要用陈述句词序，不能用疑问句词序。
宾语从句的引导词
(1) 用that引导。that只起引导词作用，不充当句子成分，也没有词义，且通常可以省略：
We think (that) he will help us. 我们认为他会帮助我们。
He said (that) he was good at English. 他说他擅长英语。
I know (that) he is very busy. 我知道他很忙。
(2) 用if或whether引导。if和whether引导宾语从句，不充当句子成分，但有词义，表示“是否”：
I don't know if [whether] he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。
She asked if [whether] that was enough. 她问那是否够了。
I wonder whether [if] it is true. 我不知道是不是真的。
(3) 用连接代词引导。常见的引导宾语从句的连接代词有what, who, whom, which, whose等。此时要特别注意宾语从句用陈述句词序，而不用疑问句词序：
Ask him which he wants. 问他要哪一个。
She asked who would like to go. 她问谁愿意去。
Tell me whose wallet this is. 告诉我这是谁的钱包
【注】what引导宾语从句时，有时表示“什么”，有时表示“…所…的”。比较：
I asked what he needed. 你问他需要什么。
I gave him what he needed. 我给了他所需要的东西。
(4) 用连接副词引导。常见的引导宾语从句的连接副词有when, how, where, why等。此时要特别注意宾语从句用陈述句词序，而不用疑问句词序：
He knows where they live. 他知道他们住哪里。
Tell us how you are getting on now. 告诉我们你现在过得怎样？
I can't tell you why she is crying. 我不能告诉你她为什么哭。
He didn't say when he would return. 他没有说什么时候回来。
宾语从句的用法
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。那么你知道宾语从句的用法吗?下面跟着我学习一下吧。
一、宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.
He told me that he would go to the college the next year
他告诉我他明年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏?
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
二、动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
三、介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
四、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
(如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。)
⑤ 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
七、宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
八、宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
宾语从句的用法
用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：
一，引导词
A,由that
引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say,
think,
wish
,
hope,
see,
believe,
agree,
expect,
hear
,
feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
例：I
told
him
that
he
was
wrong.
l在think,believe,
suppose,
expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think
等动词变为否定形式。
例：I
don’t
think
you
are
right.
(我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。
例：We
think
it
wrong
that
he
told
a
lie
to
everyone
(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、
whether
引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if
在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if
可以替换。
例：I
don’t
know
if/whether
he
will
come
tomorrow.
The
teacher
asked
if/whether
we
had
finished
the
experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything
depends
on
whether
we
have
enough
money。
l宾语从句中有or
not时不用if引导.
例：I
don’t
know
whether
the
movie
star
will
come
or
not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether
to
go
there
or
not
hasn’t
been
decided.
C,由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose,
what,
which,和连接副词when,
where,
why,
how
等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
例：Do
you
know
which
film
they
are
talking
about?
(which做定语)
I
don’t
know
where
he
lives.
(where
做地点状语)
二，宾语从句的语序，
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I
believe
that
they
will
come
soon.
He
asked
me
whether
I
was
a
teacher.
They
wanted
to
know
what
they
can
do
for
us.
二，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，
既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
例:
1)She
says
that
she
is
a
student.
She
said
that
she
was
a
student.
2)She
says
that
she
will
fly
to
Japan
in
a
week.
She
said
that
she
would
fly
to
Japan
in
a
week.
3)She
says
that
she
has
finished
her
homework
already.
She
said
that
she
had
finished
her
homework
already.
4)She
says
that
she
can
sing
a
song
in
English.
She
said
that
she
could
sing
a
song
in
English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例：The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
goes
round
the
sun.
He
told
me
that
Japan
is
an
island
country.
lCould
you
tell
me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
例：Could
you
tell
me
when
we
will
visit
the
Histury
Museum?
注意事项：
u由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
例：She
said:
“I
have
been
to
England
before.”
She
said
that
she
had
been
to
England
before.
She
asked
me:
“Do
you
like
maths?”
She
asked
me
if
I
liked
maths.
u宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式
”做宾语的简单句结构。
例：I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do
next.
I
con’t
know
what
to
do
next.
He
didn’t
know
where
he
would
live.
He
didn’t
know
where
to
live.
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