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定语从句的用法归纳总结
如下：
一、定于从句：定语从句是指用一个完整的句子做定语去修饰限定前面的名词或者代词，它属于后置定语。
1、限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句隔开。
例：I have a sister who is a doctor.（限制性定语从句）我有一个当医生的姐姐。
2、非限制性定语从句需使用逗号和主句隔开。
例：I have a sister, who is a doctor.（非限制性定语从句）我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。
二、定语从句的关系词。
引导定语从句的关系词分为：关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词有：who, that,whom, whose, which等；在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系副词有：where,when,why等；在从句中作状语。
三、定语从句中关系代词的用法。
1、当先行词是人时：关系代词who和that既可以做主语，又可以作宾语，而且作宾语时可以省略。
例如：Do you know the girl who/that often comes here?（作主语）
2、其中whom只作宾语。
例如：The girl who/that/whom I spoke to is my daughter.（作宾语）
3、当先行词是物时：关系代词which和that既可以做主语，又可以作宾语，而且作宾语时可以省略。
例如：The building which/that stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语）
4、whose既可以指人，也可以指物；that既可以指人，也可以指物。
例如：The book which/that you bought for me is very interesting.（作宾语）
5、whose既可以指人，也可以指物；在从句中作定语，形式为“whose+名词”表所属关系，即谁的。
例如：Do you know the singer whose name is Wang feng?
I live in a house whose windows face south.
四、定于从句中只用which不用that的情况：
（1）which引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。
He had failed in the maths exam,which made his father very angry.
（2）在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which不用that。
This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live.
先行词本身是that时，只能用which。
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?
五、关系副词引导的定语从句。
1、when指时间在定语从句中作时间状语也可做连接词用。
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
2、where指地点在定语从句中作地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
3、why指原因在定语从句中作原因状语，用在reason后面。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
限制性定语从句先行词有哪些
定语从句的引导词有关系代词who，whom，which，that，as；关系副词when，where，why;关系形容词whose。
(1)This is the book which I am looking for.它是我正在寻找的书。
其中的“the book”是先行词，“which”是引导词。
(2)He is Mr. Robertson who comes from England.他是来自英国的罗伯森先生。
其中的“Mr. Robertson”是先行词，“who”是引导词。
(3)Was that a singer that sang Xi Yangyang?那个是唱喜洋洋的歌手吗？
其中的“a singer”是先行词，“that”是引导词。
定语从句的时态
定语从句中由于涉及主句和从句，在这里也会有时态先后的问题，一般来说如果主句动词是将来时，从句用一般现在时或者一般过去时。
1、从句表现一般现在时的情况
A.The man who is appointed as a school principal will be a better leader.
被任命为学校校长人将会是一个更好的领导者。（用is appointed不用will be appointed）。
B.There will be a special regulate for somebody who takes part in the competition next week.
对下周参加比赛的人将会有一个特殊的规则。（不用will take,而用takes一般现在时）。
2、从句表示一般过去时的情况
So to speak, those books whose covers were printed red would sale on Chrismas eve.
这么说吧，那些封面被刷成红色的书将在圣诞前夕出售。（whose引导的定语从句时态为一般过去时，主句would sale为过去将来时）。
修饰定语从句的先行词有哪些,如何使用呢
定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。
1、先行词指物时,关系代词用that 或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。
如:China is a country which / that has a large population.
The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.
2、先行词指人时,关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom (作宾语),whose (作定语),that (作主语或宾语)。如:
The man who is mending the machine has been retired.
This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.
I like the girl whose mother is an actor.
注意:下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或who。
3、先行词是指物的不代词,如:all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。如:I didn't understand the words all that he said.
4、先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。如:This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .
5、先行词既包括人,也包括物。如:They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.
当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如:who is the man that opened up the lab.
扩展资料
必须注意的问题
(1)关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
(2)注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that/who不是引导词。
③强调it is/was和that/who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。
It is the museum that/which we visited last year。(定语从句)
It was in the hotel that we stayed last night。(强调句)
(3)定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated。(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their。(定语)
(4)关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
(5)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
(6)关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
参考资料来源：百度百科-先行词
定语从句引导词及用法总结
定语从句引导词及用法总结：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起到连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。
定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relativeword）引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句（英语：attributiveclause），这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。在英语中，定语从句主要通过关系代名词法构成。
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