在英语定语从句中,介词关系代词的使用包括“介词+关系代词”和“介词+关系副词”,如“at which”、“in which”、“on which”和“where”。它们通常用于表示时间、地点或方式的名词,如“The place where we had dinner last night was very nice”。表示人的名词时,应使用“in whom”、“on whom”或“at whom”。注意,介词不能省略,否则会造成语法错误。
首先,介词关系代词有两个,分别是“介词+关系代词”和“介词+关系副词”。其中,介词+关系代词有三个,分别是“at which”、“in which”和“on which”;介词+关系副词有一个,就是“where”。
接着,我们来看看这些介词关系代词在定语从句中的具体使用方法。当先行词是表示时间、地点或方式的名词时,我们可以使用介词关系代词来引导定语从句,如:
- The place where we had dinner last night was very nice.
- The way in which he solved the problem was very clever.
- The time at which the concert starts is 8 o'clock.
需要注意的是,当先行词是表示时间的名词时,我们可以使用“at which”或“on which”,但“in which”是不合适的。而当先行词是表示地点的名词时,我们可以使用“in which”或“where”,但“at which”和“on which”是不合适的。
此外,当先行词是表示人的名词时,使用介词关系代词引导定语从句时,应该使用“in whom”、“on whom”或“at whom”,如:
- The woman to whom I spoke was very friendly.
- The man on whom the responsibility falls is our boss.
- The professor in whom we have great confidence is retiring soon.
最后,需要注意的是,介词关系代词在定语从句中不能省略介词,否则会造成语法错误,如:
- The place we had dinner last night was very nice. (错误)
- The place at which we had dinner last night was very nice. (正确)