英语中表达条件关系的常见关联词包括"if"(如果),"unless"(除非),"as long as"(只要),"provided that"(只要)和"even if"(即使)。这些关联词用于表达假设、条件、可能性、否定条件、前提条件等不同的条件关系。
if
if 是表达条件关系最基本的关联词之一。if 引导的从句通常用于表达假设、条件或者可能性。例如:
- If it rains, I will stay at home.(如果下雨了,我会呆在家里。)
- If I had more money, I would buy a new car.(如果我有更多的钱,我会买一辆新车。)
unless
unless 也是表达条件关系的常见关联词,它通常表示一种否定的条件。例如:
- I won't go to the party unless you come with me.(除非你和我一起去,否则我不会去参加派对。)
- Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam.(如果你不努力学习,你就无法通过考试。)
as long as
as long as 表示条件是可以保证的,通常被用于表达一种前提条件。例如:
- You can borrow my car as long as you promise to return it by tomorrow.(只要你保证明天之前归还,你可以借我的车。)
- As long as you pay the rent on time, you can stay in this apartment.(只要你按时交房租,你就可以一直住在这个公寓里。)
provided that
provided that 通常用于表达一种条件,表示如果某种条件得到满足,某种事情就会发生。例如:
- I will cook dinner for you provided that you buy the ingredients.(只要你买食材,我就给你做晚餐。)
- You can leave work early provided that you finish your tasks on time.(只要你按时完成任务,你就可以提前下班。)
even if
even if 表示一种条件,即使这种条件很难实现,也要尽力去实现它。例如:
- Even if it's raining, I will go for a walk.(即使下雨了,我也要去散步。)
- I will study abroad next year, even if I have to borrow money to do so.(明年我会去国外留学,即使要借钱也要去。)