英语的现在完成时和过去完成时的标志词有助于更好地理解和运用这两种时态。现在完成时的标志词包括"ever"、"never"、"already"、"yet"、"just"、"so far"、"lately"、"recently"、"for"和"since",表示过去发生的动作与现在仍有关联。过去完成时的标志词包括"before"、"after"、"by the time"和"already",表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
现在完成时的标志词
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作与现在仍有关联。它的标志词主要有以下几个:
- ever:曾经
- never:从未
- already:已经
- yet:还
- just:刚刚
- so far:到目前为止
- lately:最近
- recently:最近
- recently:最近
- for:表示一段时间以来
- since:表示起始时间
例如:
- Have you ever been to Paris?(你曾经去过巴黎吗?)
- I have never tried sushi.(我从未尝试过寿司。)
- She has already finished her homework.(她已经完成了她的作业。)
- Have you finished your project yet?(你完成你的项目了吗?)
- I have just had breakfast.(我刚刚吃完早餐。)
- So far, I have read three books this week.(到目前为止,我这个星期已经读了三本书。)
- Lately, I have been feeling very tired.(最近,我感到非常疲倦。)
- I have been learning English for three years.(我学习英语已经三年了。)
- I have been living in New York since 2010.(我自2010年以来一直住在纽约。)
过去完成时的标志词
过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。它的标志词主要有以下几个:
- before:在过去某个时间之前
- after:在过去某个时间之后
- by the time:到……的时候
- already:已经
例如:
- I had finished my work before he arrived.(他到达之前,我已经完成了我的工作。)
- She had left the party after she had said goodbye to everyone.(她向每个人说再见之后离开了聚会。)
- By the time I woke up, my mother had already gone to work.(当我醒来时,我的妈妈已经去上班了。)
- He had already seen the movie before I recommended it to him.(在我向他推荐这部电影之前,他已经看过了。)