在英语语法中,定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句。而定语从句中的关系词,在句子中起着连接从句和主句的作用。然而,在某些情况下,这些关系词是可以省略的。
关系词的省略情况
在定语从句中,当关系代词作为从句的主语时,可以省略。这种情况下,从句中的谓语动词需要用复数形式。例如:
- The students [who] study hard can get good grades.
- The books [that] are on the shelf are mine.
在定语从句中,当关系代词作为从句的宾语时,也可以省略。例如:
- The man [whom/that] I met yesterday is a doctor.
- The dress [which/that] she bought yesterday is very beautiful.
在定语从句中,当关系代词作为介词的宾语时,也可以省略。例如:
- The girl [whom/that] I was talking to is my cousin.
- The restaurant [where] we had dinner last night was very expensive.
注意事项
- 当定语从句中有多个关系代词时,只能省略其中一个。例如:
- The man [whom/that] I met yesterday and [who] is a doctor is my friend.
- 当定语从句中的主句和从句主语不同时,不能省略关系词。例如:
- The girl [who] we met at the party is very beautiful.
- 当定语从句中的关系代词作为介词的宾语时,只能省略在从句中作宾语的关系代词,而不能省略介词。例如:
- The restaurant [where] we had dinner last night and [which] is very expensive is not worth it.
在英语中,定语从句的关系词的省略是一种常见的现象。熟练掌握这种语法现象,不仅可以提高自己的英语表达能力,还可以更好地理解和运用英语语法。