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在英语语法中,非谓语动词是指不带有主语和谓语的动词形式。英语的非谓语动词主要包括动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
动名词
动名词是指以-ing结尾的动词形式,它可以作为主语、宾语、定语、表语或状语等。例如:
- Smoking is bad for your health. (动名词作主语)
- I enjoy reading books. (动名词作宾语)
- The dancing girl is very beautiful. (动名词作定语)
- Her favorite hobby is swimming. (动名词作表语)
- He left the room, slamming the door behind him. (动名词作状语)
现在分词
现在分词是指以-ing结尾,与be动词连用构成进行时态,或者作为形容词或副词使用。例如:
- I am reading a book. (现在分词作进行时态)
- The running boy is very fast. (现在分词作形容词)
- She spoke softly, trying not to wake the baby. (现在分词作副词)
过去分词
过去分词是指以-ed或-en结尾的动词形式,它通常用来构成完成时态、被动语态和一些复合词。例如:
- I have finished my homework. (过去分词构成完成时态)
- The letter was written by him. (过去分词构成被动语态)
- The broken vase was thrown away. (过去分词构成复合词)
在英语句子中,使用非谓语动词可以使句子更加简洁明了,也能够更好地表达出语言的意图。因此,我们需要在英语学习中加强对非谓语动词的学习和掌握。