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定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要语法结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词，进一步描述其特征或属性。定语从句在写作和口语中都被广泛使用，因此了解其结构和用法非常重要。
定语从句的构成
一个定语从句通常由一个关系代词或关系副词引导，后跟一个句子。关系代词包括：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词包括：when, where, why。下面是一些例子：
- The man who is standing over there is my uncle. (who 引导的定语从句)
- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. (that 引导的定语从句)
- The reason why she was late was because of the traffic. (why 引导的定语从句)
- This is the place where we met for the first time. (where 引导的定语从句)
在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词在从句中扮演的角色与它在主句中的角色相同。
定语从句的用法
定语从句可以用来修饰名词或代词，进一步描述其特征或属性。下面是一些例子：
- The girl who is reading a book is my sister. (修饰名词 girl)
- The car that I bought last week is very expensive. (修饰名词 car)
- The reason why he didn't come to the party is still unknown. (修饰名词 reason)
- This is the hotel where we stayed during our trip to Paris. (修饰名词 hotel)
在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词所引导的从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如果被修饰的名词或代词是人，关系代词可以是 who 或 whom；如果是物，关系代词可以是 that 或 which。
定语从句的练习
为了更好地掌握定语从句的用法，我们需要不断地练习。下面是一些练习题：
- The boy __________ is wearing a red shirt is my brother. (who/whom/whose/that/which)
- The film __________ we watched last night was really good. (who/whom/whose/that/which)
- This is the reason __________ I didn't come to your party. (who/whom/whose/that/which)
- The restaurant __________ we had dinner at was very expensive. (who/whom/whose/that/which)
- The woman __________ I met yesterday is a doctor. (who/whom/whose/that/which)
做完练习题后，可以对照答案进行自我检查，找出自己的不足之处，加以改进，提高自己的英语水平。
结论
定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要结构，它可以用来修饰名词或代词，进一步描述其特征或属性。掌握定语从句的用法和结构，可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语语言，提高我们的写作和口语水平。
