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初中英语重点知识归纳笔记
初中英语重点知识归纳如下：
1、目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。
2、宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子。
3、在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
4、that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
5、过去将来时的被动语态：主语+would / should + be +过去分词。
初中英语知识点
一般现在时 do
一般过去时 did
一般将来时 will do
现在进行时 is（am are）doing
过去进行时 was（were）doing
一般过去将来时 would do
过去完成时态 had done
现在完成时 have（has）done
一、 一般现在时
1、定义 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，如能力、特征、性质、身份等。
2、构成 1) be --- is, am, are 2) 实意动词用原形表示 (注意当主语为第三人称单数时，动词 + s或 + es)
句型转换 1) 情态动词，联系动词提前或直接在其后加 not 2) 实意动词加do/ does或don't/ doesn't
3、用法 1) 表示经常性的、习惯性的或永久性的动作，常与 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day,
twice a month等连用. e.g. Does he usually go to school on foot?
2) 表示存在的状态，常用动词 be, have, love, like, know, see, hear, think, have, belong to 等。注意这些
动词一般不用被动语态. e.g. He doesn't like music.
3) 表示不受时间限制的客观事实或普遍真理. e.g. The earth goes round the sun.
二、一般过去时
1、定义 表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，可能是一次的，也可能是经常的，动作已完成。
2、构成 1) be – was，were 2) 实意动词用过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化。
句型转换 1) was, were 提前或直接加 not 2) 实意动词加did或didn't(动词改为原形)
3、用法 1) 表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用 yesterday , last Friday, in 1994, an hour ago, a moment ago, last November, before 1997, on December 26, 1976. yesterday morning.
2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 When I was in the university, I did morning exercises every day.
3) had(have的过去式)当“有”讲时，构成疑问和否定有两种形式，其他词义同实意动词。
Did you have no friends? He hasn't enough time.
My father doesn't have lunch at factory. (不用 haven't) Did you have a good time?
三、一般将来时
1、定义 表示将来某一时间内要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如tomorrow, today, this week, next week, next month, next year, next Wednesday, from now on, in a year, in the future
2、构成和用法1)shall (第一人称)和will (所有人称) + 动词原形, 缩写为 “'ll”，否定缩写为shan't, won't。
2) be going to do，常用于口语，表示打算去做的事和可能要发生的事。 It's going to rain.
3) is/ am/ are about to do...when...表马上要发生的事,不与时间连用。I was about to leave when it rained.
4) be to do sth. 按计划或职责、义务要求必须做的事或即将发生的动作。
5) 终止性动词come, go, leave, arrive等的现在进行时刻表示按计划，安排或即将进行的动作。
6) 以if, as soon as, when, once, unless等引导的从句的一般现在时表示一般将来时。
四、过去将来时
1、定义 表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
2、构成及用法 should (第一人称)或would (第二,三人称) + 动词原形，常用于宾语从句中。
We asked him where we should have a meeting. 其他用法见一般将来时。
五、现在进行时和过去进行时
定义：现在进行时表示1）现在正在进行的动作 2）现阶段一直在进行，延续性 3）目前阶段临时发生的动作，暂时性。 is/ am/ are + doing
过去进行时表示1）过去某时正在进行的动作 2）过去某段时间正在进行的动作 3）过去瞬间发生的动作。was/ were + doing
Notes：1. 表安排、计划要发生的动作可用进行时表示将来时。这些终止性动词有arrive, begin, come, go, leave, start
2. 现在进行时与always, often等频率副词连用，表示厌烦、赞叹等感情。
3. 在条件从句中，时间状语从句中用现在进行时表示将来进行时。
4. 同理，在表条件、时间状语从句中，用过去进行时表示过去将来进行时，在一些表开始，离开的动词用过去进行时表过去将来时。
用法： 1. 现在完成时表示现阶段完成的动作或存在的状态，动作或状态从过去开始延续到现在，可能终止，
即动作发生在过去强调对现在的影响，与现在有关，常与 already, ever, lately, just, now, recently, yet,
for + 段时间, since + 点时间；in the last/ past three years, so far, by now, up to now/ present等连用
2. 过去时指过去某时或某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。指的现在之前的情况，与现在无关
3. 过去完成时指的过去某一时间动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态，“过去的过去”。常用句型：
1) had done + before/ when/ by the time + did 2) did + after/ until + had done
3) had done + by/ up/ since/ till + 过去时间 4) No sooner had + S. + done ... than ... did ...
5) Hardly/ Scarcely had + S. + done ... when ... did ... 6) had meant to do …
Notes: 1. just“刚才”表示刚刚过去，可以看成与说话时间紧密相连，可与现在完成时连用，也可以与过去时连用。但just now“刚才”=a moment ago, 只表示过去时间，只与过去时连用。
2. 一些终止性动词不能用完成时态的肯定句与延续多久的时间状语连用，要用表状态的动词或用动词+介词短语或+形容词的完成式，还可以用it is+多少时间+since的句型。
3. since自从……以来 conj + 从句 prep + 表示“时间点”的名词。for prep.+ 多少时间，表示一段时间。
He has been studying since 3 o'clock/ since 3 hours ago/ since he came. He's been here for five hours.
4. in the past/last+多少时间，表示最近一段时间，用完成时，不用过去时。
5. have been去过某地（不在去过地）have gone到某地去了（不在说话地方）。一，二人称不能用have gone。 6. 在美语中have/ has got = have/ has。
7. hardly...when..., no sooner...than... 引导倒装句，常与过去完成时连用。
8. hope, intend, mean, plan, think, want常用过去完成时表示过去的意图而实际没有实现的情况
初中英语需要掌握的重点语句有哪些
中考重点句型
一、常使用动词不定式的短语
It’s time to do sth.\ It’s time for sth 该作某事的时候了.
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事
Ask/tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告诉某人(不)作某事
Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人作某事
Be supposed to do sth. 应该作某事
Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事
Have sth/nothing to do 有…时要做/与…无关
Find it +adj. to do sth. 发觉作某事…
Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿作某事,而不愿作某事
It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 作某事对某人来说…
It’s better /best to do sth. 最好做某事
It takes sb. st. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些时间
二、常用动名词的短语
Enjoy /like /love /be fond of doing sth. 喜欢做某事
Keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 继续做某事
Feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
Practice doing sth. 练习作某事
Give up doing sth. 放弃作某事
Be good at/ do well in doing sth. 擅长作某事
Pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事
What about/ how about doing sth. ….怎么样(好吗)?
Thank you for doing sth. 为…感谢某人
Mind doing sth. 介意作某事
Be used fordoing sth./ be used to do sth. 被用来作某事
Spend …(in) doing sth. 花时间作某时
Be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于作某事
Finish doing sth. 作完某时
Reduce doing sth. 减少作某事
Make a contribution to do sth. 在…做贡献
Prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…
Be/get used to doing sth. 习惯作某事
Keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人作某事
三、省略动词不定式的短语
一看二听三使役
See/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth. 看见/听见/感觉/注意某人作某事
Make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事
Help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth. 帮助某人作某事
Had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
Why don’t you/ not do sth. 为什么不作某事
Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 请你(不)作某事好吗?
四、同义词比较
1、 Stop to do sth. 停下来正在做的事去作另一件事
Stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事
Eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.
2、 Forget / remember to do sth. 忘记/记得要去作某事
Forget / remember doing sth. 忘记记得曾经做过某事
Eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.
I remember doing my homework
3、 used to do sth. 过去常常作某事
be used to do sth. 被用来作某事
be used to doing sth. 习惯于作某事
eg. My father used to smoking.
Wood is used to make paper.
I am used to getting up early.
4、. So +be/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 …也一样
So +主语+be/助动词/ 情态动词 是呀,表示赞同别人的观点
Neither + be /助动词/ 情态动词+主语 …也不一样（用于否定句）
Eg. He has been to Beijing. So have I.
It’s a fine day. So it is.
She doesn’t like eggs. Neither do I.
5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能…
so +adj. /adv + that(从句) 如此…以致…
such +（a/an +adj.）+n.+ that(从句) 如此…以致…
(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事(不)够
Eg. The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
The boy is not old to go to school.
五、常考知识点
1、keep +adj. 保持…状态
keep (sb.) doing sth. 继续做某事/使某人老是做某事
eg. Everyone should keep our classroom clean.
It’s too late, but he still keeps working.
Lily always keeps us waiting for her.
2、make sb.+ n. 使某人成为
make + sb. + adj. 使某人…
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
Sb. be made to do sth. 某人被迫做某事
Eg. We made Peter our monitor.
Books make us happy.
He often makes me laugh.
The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.
3、I don’t think that 我认为…不
Eg. I don’t think you are right.
4、It is /was/has been+ some time +since+一般过去时… 自从…以来有多久了
Eg. It has been two years since we met last time.
5、What do you mean by/ What does .. mean? 是什么意思?
Eg. What do you mean by “computer”?/What does “computer”mean?
6、What do you think of…/How do you like …? 你认为…怎么样?
Eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?
7、What is/was/will …be like? ..怎么样?
Eg. What is the weather like?
What will the life in the future be like?
8、It’s said/ reported that… 据说/据报道
Eg. It’s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2o5o.
9、one of the 形容词最高级+名词复数 …其中之一
Eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
10、Neither…nor… 既不…也不（两者都不）
either or… 要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是
not only…but also… 不但…而且
以上三个词做主语时,要用就近原则
Eg. Neither you nor he has been to the USA.
Either he or you go to the park.
Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.
11、比较级+ than +any other +名词单数 …比其余任何一个…
比较级+ than + the other+名词复数
Eg. Shanghai is bigger than any other city/the other cities in China.
12、When（当…的时候）, if （如果）, as soon as（一…就）, until（直到…才）, unless（除非/如果…不）这几个词引导的时间或条件状语从句时,主句要用一般将来时.
Eg. I will call you when he comes.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.
As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll come to see you.
He won’t go to bed until his parents come back.
Unless you work hard, you won’t catch up with others.
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