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主谓一致视频讲解
【考点聚焦】主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容：
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。
2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：
The poet and writer has come.
3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
4、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，as well as ，together with along with，like 等引导的介词短语时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例如：
The women with two children is my aunt .
注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。
Mr Smith , followed by his wife and three children , has just arrived.
5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。
6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。
7、 当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《纽约时报》
8、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数.
9、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数
10、由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。
11、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
12、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。
13、不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
All of the work has been finished.
All of the people have gone.
14、疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。
Who is your brother?
Who are League members?
15、分数(百分数)+of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。 但要注意population 一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。
Part of the work has been done by us .
Ten percent of the apples were bad .
The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70%of the population are peasants .
16、half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如：
17、由what 引出的从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。
18、由连词not……but……, or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。
19、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
20、a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。
21、“one or two +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数。
22、 many a ＋单数名词 (许多……) ； more than one ＋单数名词(不止一……)作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。注意： “more than +基数词＋复数名词”结构或“more ＋复数名词＋ than one做主语时，谓语用复数。
Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
More than twenty students are playing football on the playground.
More members than one are against your plan.
23、this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书)，作主语，谓语用单数；this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men(这类人，口语中用)，但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind=these kind of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数。
This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of this kind are dangerous.
24、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。
注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决 于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only， 就用复数形式。
This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
He was the only one of the students who was late for school.
【技巧点拨】中考主谓一致方面的考题主要考知识的记忆情况。考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择，完型填空，翻译句子，单句改错，短文改错、同义句转换，时态填空等。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。
主谓一致特殊情况汇总
many a与more than one作主语时谓语的数 many a的意思是“许多”，more than one的意思是“不止一个”，从意义上，它们表示复数，但用作主语时，谓语却习惯上用单数。如：■ many a Many a fine man has died in that battle. 许多优秀的士兵死于那次战役。Many a ship has been wrecked on those rocks. 许多船只毁于那些礁石之上。Many a young man has tried and failed. 很多年轻人都试过，而且失败了。Many a successful store has paid its rent cheerfully. 许多成功的店铺都非常乐意地付了房租。■ more than oneMore than one man has been dismissed. 不止一人被解雇了。More than one person is involved in this. 与此事有牵连的人不止一个。If things don’t get better, more than one person is going to have to find a new job. 如果情况没有好转，需要另谋新工作的就不是个别人了。比较：Many a boy likes swimming.=Many boys like swimming. 许多男孩子喜欢游泳。More than one student has read the book.=More students than one have read the book. 不止一个学生读过这书。原文见： ***/Article/200810/646.html
数词和主谓一致的知识点
谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。 遵循三个原则:语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。语法一致就是平常说的从语法形式上取得一致，即主语为单三形式，谓语动词也采用单三形式。意义一致就是从意义上来处理主谓语一致，主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定，也采用复数形式。就近一致就是指谓语动词的人称和数往往和与其最近的主语保持一致。
主谓一致语法一致例句
1.人称、数的一致。 [2例句] I am a student . Two books are on the desk .2.不可数名词、不定代词表示抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词用单数。[1例句] there is little water in the bottle .3.主语为people , police,时，谓语动词用复数。[1例句] the police are searching the lost boy .4.集体名词family, class, team, group,等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。[2例句] class four ins on the second floor. my family has moved to Beijing .5.与and连接的并列主语表示不同的人和物时，谓语动词用复数，表示一个概念时则用单数。[2例句] Tom and lilei are students. The artist and teacher is coming .6.主语是单数，后跟with，as well as， but ，except等介词短语时，谓语动词用单数。[1例句] Mr Green, together with his students is in the classroom.7.金钱、距离、时间、重量、长度等复数名词做主语，通常应当作整体看，谓语动词用单数。[1例句] Two days is not long.8.tousers、shoes、glasses等作主语，谓语动词用复数。[1例句] my tousers are on the desk .9.most of、 half of、 some of、 part of 、a lot of修饰名（代）词作主语时，谓语动词与of后面的名词或代词的数保持一致。[2例句]Half of the population are farmers. A lot of water is wasted.10.news， physics等词貌似复数，实为单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。[1例句]The news is true. 11.either… or… 与neither… nor，not only... but also...作主语时，谓语动词与离它们最近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。[2例句] Not only he but also I am good at maths.Neither you nor he is going with him. 12there be 的谓语动词与离它们最近的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。[2例句] There is a pen ,two pencils and a book on the desk.There are two apples and a banana in the basket.
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