本文目录
主语从句和表语从句的区别
1.whoever
knows
English
may
a
copy
of
this
ducument
这句话的意思是任何一个知道英语的人都可以有一份文件的复印件
whoever=anyone
who,
whoever
knows
English
是主语从句
who
knows
English
may
a
copy
of
this
ducument
如果是这样的句子那么就翻译成“谁知道英语”句子的主语就是一件事，而不是一个人
2.___
what___-we
study
for
is
a
question
of
great
importance
3.
D
The
traditional
view
is
that
we
sleep
because
our
brain
is
"programmed"
to
make
us
to
do
that引导表语从句，不做成分。传统的观点是我们睡觉是因为我们的大脑程序使我们这样做。
高中主语从句语法详解
首先还是要从字面上来理解，主语从句即原来在句子中做主语的词变成了句子；表语从句即原来在句子中做表语的词变成了句子。理解了本质之后再来分析：
主语从句：
这事没道理。This doesn't make sense.
上面主语This，谓语doesn't make，宾语sense。
有时候为了表达复杂意思的需要，上面这种初级的沟通方式要复杂化，变成复合句。如果变主语从句，就是用一个句子把原来的This替换成句子。
2. 他这么生气没道理。
这个句子的主语变成了“他这么生气”，同时这本身又是一个句子，在英语中，两个句子 不能直接连接，需要连词。而主语从句的连词不可省略。由于这句话在结构与语意上都不缺少，连词选用that：That he is so angry doesn't make sense.
英语中还有一个规则，尽量避免头重脚轻的结构，遇到这种情况一般要调整句子结构，即，把长的挪到后面。在本句中，明显主语过长，挪到句尾。这样的话主语位置空缺，我们使用一个形式主语it放在主语位置，因此这句话也可以说：It doesn't make sense that he is so angry.不过主语从句不是一定要调整结构的。两种都对。
主语从句的考点是连词，连词包括：that（不承担句子成分，不翻译意思）、所有特殊疑问词（按考题理解意思，看缺什么意思）、whether（不担任句子成分，翻译成是否）。
主语从句还有可能与定于从句混合到一起，构成名词性定语从句，这种情况比较复杂，先不说了。
表语从句：
原因很清楚。 The reason is clear.
上面句子中，主语The reason；系动词is；表语clear。
同样，有时候需要表达复杂的意思，可能上面的表语要变成一个句子才能满足沟通的需要，例如：
2. 原因是我们无法在周二上午到达。
这个句子的表语变成了“我们无法在周二上午到达”，而这本身又是一个句子，句子与句子在英语中不能直接放在一起，需要连词来连接。本句不缺成分不缺意思，因此连词选用that。
The reason is that we cannot arrive on Tuesday morning.
表语从句的考点是连词，连词包括：that（不担任句子成分，不翻译意思）、所有特殊疑问词、whether（不担任句子成分，翻译成是否）、as if / as though（好像，虚拟语气）。
包含主语从句和表语从句的句子
我觉得你的问题提得很好。
我一看到你的两个句子，真的懵了。觉得你说得没错。
但我查了一下后，觉得是否应该这样去理解：
首先考虑动词
seem
是个不及物动词，也是半系动词，其后无宾语。
那么，
1）It
seemed
that
he
is
not
coming
to
the
party。
中的it
无真正的含义，而that从句又是一名词性从句，可做主，宾，表语。在这种情况下，分析其语法作用时，可以说that从句是真正的主语。
2）It
seemed
as
if
he
couldn't
think
of
the
right
word.中的as
if
引导的从句一般是副词性从句，不能做主语，也不能做宾语，但可以做表语，状语。
所以在分析句子成分时，可以说这是表语从句。It
是一个无主代词，在这里只是起引导作用。
3）转过来再看第一句，是否我们也把it
看成是一个无主代词，在这里只是起引导作用，而把后面的that从句看成是表语从句呢？也有些学者是这样看的。他们只是把It
seems....看成是一种句型来用，不用具体去分析他们的成分。
我觉得这样的分析都有他们的道理。我们在使用中理解句意就好。
不知这是否帮到你。
英语主语从句和表语从句的结构
主语从句(Subject Clause)
定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句.
第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
（3）Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet.
（4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.
（6）Whatever you did is right.
（7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.
（8）What we need is time.
（9）What we need are good doctors.
小结:
（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等
（2)连词位于句首不能省略
（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末
（1）It is certain that he will win the match.
（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.
（4）It is strange that he should do that.
（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.
（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.
（7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.
（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.
（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)
（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.
（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.
（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)
（13）It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there)
小结:
（1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导. It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.
（2) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11.
表语从句
一 定义：
A 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
The problem is puzzling.
主语 连系动词 形容词作表语
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
主语 连系动词 一个句子作表语---表语从句
B 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,
whether,how.
He has become a teacher.
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
She has remained there for an hour.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is good.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
The question is confusing.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
why he cried yesterday.
how I can persuade her to join us in the party.
whether the enemy is marching towards us.
二 注意：
A 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D that在表语从句中不可以省掉。
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
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