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that引导主语从句的用法
比如说What
he
said
.
这里的What
he
said充当句子的主语,(is作谓语
correct作表语),而这个名词性从句由what引导,所以是what引导的主语从句
由what引导的主语从句的复合句
由what引导的主语从句例句:
What he said is right.
what引导主语从句主谓一致问题
缩合连接代词what后面的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
缩合连接代词(condensed conjunctive pronoun)由于其形式和功用与关系代词相似,所以归入关系代词的范畴。缩合连接代词主要有先行词与关系代词缩合而成,多用以引导名词性从句。这种代词主要有what(=that which),who(=anyone or the person who),that(=he or the man who),which(=the thing which)、whatever(=anything that),whoever(=any person who),whichever(anyone who or which)等。带-ever的词往往有any的含义,语气较强。
现将上述缩合连接代词的用法举例说明如下:
what
What I want is water. 我所要的是水。(what I want是主语从句,后接单形动词is)
What I want are apples. 我所要的是苹果。(what I want是主语从句,后接单形动词are)
I eat what I like. 我吃我所喜爱的东西。(what I like是宾语从句)
That is what I have to say. 这就是我所要说的话。(what I have to say是表语从句)
I gave him what help I could. 我尽我所能帮助了他。(what help I could为直接宾语从句,what在此=any)
who
(6)Who breaks pays. 损害须赔偿。(who breaks为主语从句,who的这种用法现已不多见)
(7)Tom may marry who(whom)he likes. 汤姆可以与任何他所喜欢的人结婚。(who(whom)he likes是宾语从句,注意这种宾语从句只可用like,choose,please,want,wish等动词,因为who在从句里用作这些动词的宾语,所以可以用宾格whom来表示)
(8)You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我过去所想像的人。(who引导一表语从句)
that
(9)Handsome is that handsome does. 做的漂亮才是真的漂亮。(that引导表语从句)
(10)It was you that said so. 是你这样说的。(that引导主语从句,it是一引词)
which
(11)You can take which you like. 你喜欢拿哪一个就可以拿哪一个。(which引导一宾语从句)
whatever
(12)I’ll do whatever I can do. 我将做我所能做的事。(whatever引导一宾语从句)
whoever
(13)Whoever is top form wins the game when two matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。(whoever引导一主语从句)
whichever
(14)You can take whichever you like. 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。(whichever引导一宾语从句,其语气较which强)
带-ever的缩合连接代词有时有“不论”的含义,可引导让步状语从句。如:
(15)I’ll stand by you whatever happens. 不论发生什么事,我都和你站在一起。(whatever=no matter what)
(16)The final between the teams, whatever the result, is splendid. 两队之间的决赛,不论结果如何,总是精彩的。(注意whatever the result后省去it is)
(17)Whoever says so, it’s not true. 不管是谁说的,这话不真实。(whoever=no matter who)
(18)Her sister—or her friend—whichever it was—was an uncommonly pretty girl. 她的妹妹,或者是她的朋友,不管是哪一个,真是美丽出众。(whichever=no matter which)
what都能引导什么从句
首先要知道什么叫名词,表示人或事物名称的词叫做名词
The
boy
is
Tom.
Mr.
Liang,
a
24-year-old
boy,
teaches
us
English
在上面两个例子中,the
boy,是名词,在句子中做主语,Tom也是名词,在句子中做表语。Mr.Liang,主语,a
24-year-old
boy,做同位语,us和english做宾语
也就是说,名词在句子中可以做主语,表语,宾语和同位语。
那么在英语结构中,代替这些名词做主语,表语,宾语,同位语的句子就叫做名词性从句。
比如
what
she
was
talking
about
is
still
unkown.此时,what引导主语从句
they
need
to
know
what
to
do
next.此时为宾语从句
也就是说,what引导的句子,在不同的句子中可以是不同的名词性从句。它可以是主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句或同位语从句
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