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英语语法中,有九种时态,每种时态都有主动语态和被动语态。被动语态是指动作的接受者成为句子的主语,而主动语态则是动作的执行者成为句子的主语。下面将介绍这九种时态的主动与被动语态。
简单现在时
- 主动语态:主语 + 现在时动词(第三人称单数需加 -s/-es)
- 被动语态:be动词 + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:He speaks English fluently.(他讲英语流利。)
- 被动语态:English is spoken fluently by him.(英语被他讲得很流利。)
现在进行时
- 主动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词
- 被动语态:be动词 + being + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:They are studying English now.(他们现在在学英语。)
- 被动语态:English is being studied by them now.(英语正在被他们学习。)
现在完成时
- 主动语态:主语 + have/has + 过去分词
- 被动语态:have/has + been + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:I have finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业。)
- 被动语态:My homework has been finished by me.(我的作业已经被我完成了。)
简单过去时
- 主动语态:主语 + 过去式动词
- 被动语态:be动词 + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:He studied English last night.(他昨晚学习了英语。)
- 被动语态:English was studied by him last night.(昨晚英语被他学习了。)
过去进行时
- 主动语态:主语 + was/were + 现在分词
- 被动语态:be动词 + being + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:They were playing basketball yesterday.(他们昨天在打篮球。)
- 被动语态:Basketball was being played by them yesterday.(昨天篮球被他们打了。)
过去完成时
- 主动语态:主语 + had + 过去分词
- 被动语态:had + been + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:I had finished my work before he came.(他来之前我已经完成了我的工作。)
- 被动语态:My work had been finished by me before he came.(他来之前我的工作已经被我完成了。)
简单将来时
- 主动语态:主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
- 被动语态:will/shall + be + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:They will visit Beijing next month.(他们下个月会去北京。)
- 被动语态:Beijing will be visited by them next month.(下个月北京会被他们参观。)
将来进行时
- 主动语态:主语 + will/shall + be + 现在分词
- 被动语态:will/shall + be + being + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:They will be studying English at this time tomorrow.(明天这个时候他们将会在学习英语。)
- 被动语态:English will be being studied by them at this time tomorrow.(明天这个时候英语将被他们学习。)
将来完成时
- 主动语态:主语 + will/shall + have + 过去分词
- 被动语态:will/shall + have + been + 过去分词
例如:
- 主动语态:I will have finished my work by this time tomorrow.(明天这个时候我将已经完成我的工作。)
- 被动语态:My work will have been finished by me by this time tomorrow.(明天这个时候我的工作将已经被我完成了。)
以上就是九大时态的主动与被动语态的介绍,希望能对大家的英语学习有所帮助。