本文目录
英语从句归纳总结
1)表语从句 1.定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2.构成:关联词+简单句
3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类:
(1)从属连词that.如:
The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2)从属连词whether,as,as if.如:
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。
The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:
All this was over twenty years ago,but it’s as if it was only yesterday.
这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look等。如:
It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever
连接副词 where,when,how,why.
如:The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:
1.连词because可引导表语从句。如:
I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。
2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如:
My suggestion is that we (should)start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
2)主语从句
1.定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2.构成:关联词+简单句
3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类:
(1)从属连词that.如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.
很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。
(2)从属连词whether.如:
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。
(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever
连接副词 where,when,how,why.如:
What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。
解释:
1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有:
A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。如:
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B.It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句。如:
It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。如:
It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如:
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。
It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。
E.It+doesn’t matter(makes no difference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如:
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗?
G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪!
2.注意连接代词whoever,whatever,whichever等引导主语从句的含义。
Whoever comes will be welcome.(whoever=the person who)来的人将受到欢迎。
Whatever he did was right.(whatever=the thing that)他所做的事情是正确的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.(whichever=anyone of you who)你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖
3)宾语从句
1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2.构成:关联词+简单句。
3.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
(1)从属连词that.如:
He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。
注: that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下,that不能省略。
1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。)
对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。)
我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。)
鉴于他的特殊情况,我们决定应允他一段试用期。
(2)从属连词if/whether.如:
I doubt whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。
I don’t know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。
(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever
连接副词 where,when,how,why.
如:
Who or what he was,Martin never learned.
他是什么人?他是干什么的?马丁根本不知道。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。
I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
You may do what you will.你可做任何你想做的事。
(1)介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如:
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
有时介词可以省略。如:
I don’t care (for)who marries him.我不管谁跟他结婚。
Be careful (as to)how you do that.你要注意做这件事的方式。
解释:
1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。如:
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不会屈服。
2.作介词的宾语:连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在except,but,in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。如:
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一个好学生,只是有点粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you.你可以指望我会帮助你的。
介词宾语不可以用which来引导,而要用what来引导。如:
Are you sorry for what you’ve done?
你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗?
3.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等,连词that可省略。如:
I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能确定我该做什么。
I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said.
恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before.
我好奇怪,我以前没看到过。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4.连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whether常和or not连用,if一般不与or not连用。如:
I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用if而用wheter.试比较:
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”;此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话,请告诉我一声”。
5.宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。如:
I don’t think you are right.我认为你错了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
I don’t suppose he cares,does he? 我想他不在意,是吗?
6.宾语从句的时态变化规律:
(1)当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。
(2)当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
4)同位语从句
1.定义:用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2.用法:同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等,关联词多用从属连词that.如:
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注:同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如:
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who,which,what和连接副词where,when,why,how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:
1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用,无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用,是定语
如:The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.(同位语从句,that不可省。)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that)he told me yesterday is true.(定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如:
This is our only request that this (should)be settled as soon as possible.
这就是我们唯一的请求:尽快解决这个问题。
(6)不定式的构成
1.不定式的构成
不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。
不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例):
主动式 to do
被动式 to be done
完成式to have done /to have been done
进行式 to be doing
完成进行式 to have been doing
1)不定式的一般式
不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如:
They invited us to go there this summer.他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。
He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一边让我通过。
2)不定式的完成式
不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如:
She seemed to have heard about this matter.她似乎已听说过这件事。
I meant to have told you about it,but I happened to have an important thing to do.
我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
3)不定式的进行式
不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如:
It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好,这些天一直帮我们。
He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully.他假装在认真地听老师讲课。
4)不定式的完成进行式
如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作,就需要用完成进行式。如:
They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years.据说他们已经在西藏工作20年了。
We are happy to have been helping each other these days.我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。
5)动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如:
Try not to be late again next time.尽量下次不要再迟到。
He wished us never to meet her again.他希望我们永远不要再见到她。
6)疑问词+动词不定式:
不定式和疑问词whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain,advise,teach,discuss,find out等动词后面作宾语,有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如:
On hearing the news,he didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
听到这个消息,他不知道该哭还是该笑。
When to hold the meeting has not decided.什么时候开会还没有决定。
介词后一般不直接接不定式,但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如:
Mary gave some advice on how to learn English.玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。
I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道该怎么做。
高中英语的从句系列分的详细一点
一般说来,高中英语共讲解6种从句,分别是:
主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,(这四种从句用法相当于名词,合并称为名词性从句);
定语从句,(又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句);
状语从句(又分为九种不同的状语从句,分别是时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、方式、比较、条件、让步状语从句)
关于详细讲解,我建议你去买本语法书学习。我手头一本语法书讲解了10页,字数大约一万七千字,我确实不想打了。
英语八大从句类型与用法总结图
从句,即从属子句,是复句中具有分属地位的分句,它是一种绝大部分语言都有的语法结构。在现代汉语的语法中,“从句”不作为专业术语被使用。在现代英语的语法中,从句指复合句中不能独立成句,但具有主语部分和谓语部分,由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、whether、which等引导词(Connective)引导的非主句部分。
从句用法总结
1.主语从句
1)主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有:
*It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that...
*It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that...
*It is clear\important\likely\possible that...
*It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that...
It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.
It seems that the performance is very useful.
2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语。
What we lack is experience.
3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序。
How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.
I did know why I felt like crying.
2.宾语从句
1)宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是)已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。
*I promised that I would change the situation.
*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.
*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.
*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.
2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.
3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式。
He didn't think that the money was well spent.
3.表语从句
表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because.
Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.
The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.
4.同位语从句
同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后。
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.
I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.
The news came that their team had won the championship.
5.定语从句
定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。
*限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which;which用于指物;that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.
Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.
The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.
1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导从句。
That is all that I've heard from him.
He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.
2)关系代词的省略
在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom引导从句,并且不可省略,但当介词位于宾语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可省略。
This is one of those things with which we have to put up.
This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with.
3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语,意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。
Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.
No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.
5.定语从句
*非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。
Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.
*“介词+which\whom\whose”引导的定语从句
“介词+which\whom\whose”可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配。
This is the computer on which he spent all his savings
It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.
*as引导的定语从句
as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。
These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)
As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语)
英语八类状语从句的用法归纳
一、概说
状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别,以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。
二、时间状语从句
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before,after,when,while,as,since,till,until,assoonas等。
2.表示“当…时候”的while,when,as的用法区别是:while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词;表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时,只能用when;当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时,只能用as。另外,用于此义的as所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词,不能是状态动词。如下面一道高考题的答案是B而不能是A:
“I’mgoingtothepostoffice.”“_____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?”
A.As B.While C.Because D.If
3.until在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到…才”。如:
Hewaiteduntilshewasabouttoleave.他等着一直到她准备离开。
Ididnotbegintoworktillhehadgone.他走了后我才开始工作。
4.表示“一…就”除用assoonas外,还可用theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如:
Icameimmediatelyyoucalled.你一来电话我就来了。
Hardlyhadshearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.她刚到就下起雪来了。
ThemomentIhavefinishedI'llgiveyouacall.我一干完就给你打电话。
5.everytime,eachtime,(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime,bythetime,thefirsttime,anytime等以time结尾的词语也可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。如:
Nexttimeyoucomein,pleaseclosethedoor.下次你进来,请关门。
Hedidn’ttellmeanythingthelasttimeIsawhim.上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。
BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.我到家时她已睡觉了。
三、条件状语从句
1.引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if,unless,as[so]longas等。如:
Don’tcomeunlessItelephone.除非我打电话,否则你别来。
Ifyouwatchcarefullyyouwillseehowtodoit.如果你仔细瞧你会看出该怎样做。
Aslongasyoudoyourbest,we’llbehappy.只要你尽力,我们就满意了。
2.incase也可引导条件状语从句,其意为“如果”、“万一”。如:
IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.如果我忘了,请提醒我。
四、让步状语从句
1.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although,though,however(=nomatterhow),evenif(即使),whether…or(不论…还是)等连词。如:
Thespeechisgood,thoughitcouldbebetter.这次演讲不错,虽然还可以再好一点。
Hewentouteventhoughitwasraining.尽管下雨,他还是出去了。
2.as也可引导让步状语从句,但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as前,若提前的是单数可数名词,要省略a/an。如:
Teacherasheis,hecan’tknoweverything.虽然是老师,他也不可能什么都懂。
3.连词while有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。如:
Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.尽管我们意见不同,我们还是朋友。
4.whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引导让步状语从句。如:
Don’tloseheartwhateveryoudo.不管你做什么,都不要灰心。
Whoeveryouare,youcan’tpassthisway.不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。
注:表示“虽然”的though,although不可与but连用,但可与yet,still连用。
五、原因状语从句
1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that)等:
Theycan’thavegoneoutbecausethelight’son.他们不可能出去了,因为灯还亮着。
Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你去,我也去。
Nowthatwearealone,wecanspeakfreely.现在我们单独在一起,可以随便谈了。
2.除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外,when有时也可引导原因状语从句,其意“既然”。如:
Ican’ttellyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。
3.有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点:
(1)as与since,nowthat一样表示双方都知道的原因,通常位于主句前,且均不可用于强调结构被强调。
(2)当表示直接的因果关系,回答why时,或有only,just,all,partly,not,but等副词修饰时,或用在强调结构中都只能用because。
(3)for有时也可引出表示原因的分句,但它只能位于后面,对前一分句加以解释或推断。
(4)不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so连用。
六、地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where(在…的地方),wherever(无论什么地方),everywhere(每个…地方),anywhere(任何…地方)。如:
I’mnotlivingwhereIwas.我不在原处住了。
Youcan’tcampwhere[wherever,anywhere]youlikethesedays.如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。
EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。
2.有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多,误认为考试不会涉及,但恰恰相反,地点状语从句却是英语考试经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下考题:
(1)Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_____youhaveanyquestions.
A.atwhich B.atwhere C.theplacewhere D.where
(2)Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.
A.that B.where C.which D.when
(3)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_____youcanfindthemagain.
A.when B.where C.then D.there
(4)Shefoundhercalculator______shelostit.
A.where B.when C.inwhich D.that
以上四题均选where,其意为“在…的地方”,用以引导地点状语从句。
七、目的状语从句
1.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。如:
IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.我租了一条船去钓鱼。
Takeyourcoatincaseitrains(shouldrain).带着雨衣以防下雨。
Hestudiedhardinorderthathecouldpasstheexam.他努力学习,是为了能通过考试。
2.引导目的状语从句的sothat有时可省so或that,即单独用so或that来引导目的状语从句。如:
Checkcarefully,soanymistakewillbecaught.仔细检查,以便任何错误都可检查出。
BringitcloserthatImightseeitbetter.拿近些,使我能看得清楚些。
八、结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有sothat,so…that,such…that等。如:
Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.他气得话都说不出来。
Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.他关窗子用力很大,结果玻璃震破了。
注:so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中)可省略。
高中英语的从句系列分的详细一点
高中英语主要要掌握三大从句.
分别是:
1、定语从句(形容词从句)
2、名词词从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)
3、状语从句(副词性从句,包括时间,地点,结果,目的,原因等)
一、定语从句:
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.
1、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致.
(1),who,whom,that
这些词代替指人,“whom”作宾语指人,“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物.
(2),Which 用来指人或物
(用作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略)
(3),whose
“whose”表示谁(可以为人也可以为物)的(东西)
2、关系代词引导的定语从句
(1),关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词(主要是the reason),同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语.
(2),关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语.
(3),关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词,同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语.
3、非限制性定语从句
它起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解.在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开.
二、名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses).名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
1、连词(5个):that (宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略)
whether,if (均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)
as if ,as though (均表示“好像”,“似乎”)
以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
2、连接代词(9个):what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever
3、连接副词(7个):when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however
三、状语从句
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子.它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子.根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句.状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起.从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开.
状语从句细分的话,共包括九种:
1.时间状语从句
2.地点状语从句
3.原因状语从句
4.条件状语从句
5.目的状语从句
6.让步状语从句
7.比较状语从句
8.方式状语从句
9.结果状语从句
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