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英语否定祈使句的结构和用法
英语祈使句的结构及用法
导语:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。下面是我整理的英语祈使句的结构及用法,欢迎参考!
祈使句的结构
1) 祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。
Take this seat.
Do be careful.
否定结构:
Don't move.
Don't be late.
2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let 的反意疑问句
a. Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try,shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try?
b.Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try,will you / won't you?
= Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构:
Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
如何引用祈使句
祈使句如要引用,多使用一个不定式,前面的谓语形式根据语气决定。如:
“Wake him up,” she said.
→She told me to wake him up.
“See a neurologist,” the doctor said.
→The doctor advised me to see a neurologist.
“Stay where you are and don’t move,” commanded the sergeant.
→The sergeant commanded the man to stay where he was and not to move.
“Carry the trunk upstairs,” Mr. Brown said.
→Mr. Brown ordered the men to carry the trunk upstairs.
■能跟这种结构的动词有:
advise ask beg command forbid instruct invite order
persuade remind teach tell urge warn
祈使句的分类及例句
1.祈使句构成方式:动词原形+其他。如:Please buy some bananas for me.请为我买一些香蕉。
2.祈使句否定形式:在动词原形前+Don't。如:Don't look ou of the window.不要向窗外看。
3.祈使句的反意疑问句用will you/won't you。以let's开头的祈使句的'反意疑问句部分用shall we。以let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用will you/shall we。如:Don't swim here,will you?不要在这游泳,好吗? Let's go to the zoo,shall we?让我们去动物园吧,好吗?
4.let引起的祈使句:肯定形式为Let+sb+动词原形+其他;否定形式为Let+sb+not+动词原形+其他/Don't let+sb+do+其他。如:Let's join the soccer club.让我们加入足球俱乐部吧。 Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。
5.禁止祈使句:No+n./ v.ing。如:No smoking!禁止吸烟!
拓展:初中英语祈使句练习题精选
一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Its an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.
2. ________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.
3. ________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.
4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.
5. _______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.
6. ________________ (look) out! A car is coming.
7. _______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.
8. ________________ (not, let) the baby cry.
9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold. 10. Lets _______________ (not, say) anything about it.
二、单项选择
1. The TV is too loud. Please________.
A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it
2. _______ late again, Bill!
A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not
三 、 将下列句子变成感叹句:
1. It is quite a nice present.→_____ _____ nice present!
2. We have fine weather today.→ _____ _____ weather we have today!
3. It’s sunny today.→_____ _____ sunny day it is today!
4. The children are working hard.→ _____ _____ the children are working!
5. She played basketball wonderfully.→ _____ _____ she played basketball!
6. He is good at singing.→_____ _____ he sings!
7. He was doing well in dancing.→ _____ a _____ dancer he was!
8. Tom coughs badly.→_____ _____ _____ cough Tom has!
9. The fish is very lovely.→_____ _____ the fish is!
10. They live a happy life today.→ _____ _____ _____ life they live!
四、 将下列句子变成祈使句:
11. Would you like to wait a moment?→_____ _____ a moment.
12. Can I use your bike?→Please _____ _____ your bike.
13. You’d better not smoke here.→_____ _____ here.
14. You must be careful with your handwriting. _____ _____ with your handwriting.
15. Will you please not play with my pencil? →____ ____ with my pencil,____.
;英语祈使句的五种结构是什么
祈使句的类型结构
祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。
Take this seat.
Do be careful.
否定结构:
Dont move.
Dont be late.
扩展资料
第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let 的反意疑问句
a.Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try,shall we / shan't we?= Shall we have another try?
b.Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try,will you / won't you?= Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构:
Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
特殊祈使句的结构
1、no+名词或动名词
e.g.No smoking. 不许吸烟
2、have done
e.g.Have done scolding him! 不要再责备他了
3、be+形容词或名词
e.g.Be careful! 小心
4、be+过去分词
e.g.Be seated,please! 请坐
5、be+现在分词
祈使句也可以有现在进行时
e.g.Don’t be leaning out of the window! 请不要将头伸出窗外!
6、do+祈使句
e.g.Do save us! 天哪!
7、与附加疑问句连用
e.g.Open the door,will you?(略缓和)
否定式祈使句结构
否定式祈使句用法一般是在谓语动词前加do not或don’t(口语中),有时也可用never;若祈使句有主语,否定词don’t或never要置于主与之前,不可用do not。例:
Do not come in unless asked. 非请莫入
Don’t marry a nobody like Bill 不要嫁给像BILL那样的人
Don’t you believe it. 绝不要相信它
Don’t you ever forget the lesson. 你不要忘了这个教训。(不能说do not)
Don’t you fight 千万不要打架
let引导的祈使句结构
1、let的`宾语可以是me,us,him,her,it,them或名词,但不能使you.let us不同于let’s;let us一般表示请求对方允许自己干某事,通常不包括对方you;let相当于allow,意为please allow us;let’s通常用于提议,us包括对方you,比如Let’s go。
2、let祈使句只能用在一般现在时,但可以有被动语态
Let’s not be in such a hurry. 咱们不要那么匆忙
Let all the children be well educated. 让所有的孩子都得到良好的教育。
无动词祈使句结构
一般来说,无动词祈使句用于某些口号,告示等。虽为只言片语,却简单明了。
Patience!耐心点
Danger! 危险
Poison!有毒!
英语祈使句的结构和用法
英语祈使句的结构和用法如下:
祈使句有肯定祈使句与否定祈使句两种。
1、肯定祈使句的常见句型结构:Do型:动词原形+宾语+其他. 如:Open the door, please.Be型:Be+表语. 如:Be a good boy!Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.如:Let me help you. 又如:Let’s play tennis.
2、否定祈使句的常见句型结构:Do型和Be型的否定式:Don’t+动词原形 / be+其他. 如:Don’t forget me.Let型的否定式:Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他. 或:Let’s+not+动词原形+其他。如:Don’t let him go back. 警示语:No+名词 / 动词-ing形式. 如:No talking.
祈使句英语中的一个句式,也是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
例句:
1、Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手——命令
2、Be quiet,please.(Please be quiet.)请安静——请求
3、Be kind to our sister.对姊妹要和善——劝告
4、Watch your steps.走路小心——警告
5、Look out!Danger!小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句
6、Keep off the grass.勿践草坪——禁止
7、No parking.禁止停车——禁止
8、You go and tell him,Chris.克立斯你去告诉他
9、Do study hard.一定要努力学习
10、Don''t be late.别迟到
11、Have a seat.请坐
12、Help yourself. 随意招呼客人
13、Come in.请进
14、Wake up.醒一醒
15、 Keep the change.不用找(零钱)了
英语祈使句的三种结构
英语祈使句的相关口诀:祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;动词原形当谓语,Don't句首变否定;朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。
祈使句的结构
1.肯定的祈使句结构
(1)be+形容词/名词
例:Be quiet for a moment.请安静一会
(2)实义动词原形+其他成分
例:Make your own rules.给自己制定规划
(3)let+宾语+动词原形+其他
例:Let's run to the police station on fourth street.我们跑去第四大街上的警察局吧
2.否定句的祈使句的结构
(1)Don't+动词原形
例:Don't eat in the classroom.不要在教室里吃东西
(2)Let's+ not+动词原形
例:Let's not say anything about it.对于这件事,咱们什么也不要说
(3)用否定副词never构成,以加强否定含义
例:Never judge a person by looks.绝不能以貌取人
祈使句用法及考点
祈使句与please连用
为了是说话语气更委婉,我们通常在祈使句的句首或句末加上please。加在句末要在
please前面加上逗号。如果是否定祈使句,我们通常将please放在don’t之前。大家体会下面的句子:
Step this way, please. 请这边走。
Please don’t get angry. 请不要生气。
祈使句表强调
为了加强语气,我们通常在祈使句的动词原型前加助动词do,意思为“一定,务必” 等。有的时候,副词never, always也可以用于祈使句句首,表示强调。如例句:
Do be careful. 务必要小心。
Do have some tea. 一定再喝点茶。
Never do that again. 再不要这么做了。
祈使句的省略
一般来说,祈使句总是以动词原型开头,但是在特殊情况下,我们可以用一个词或短语来表示祈使句的意义,如:
A little more slowly, please. 请再慢一点。
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