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初中被动语态句型转换
英语中及物动词有两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成.助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化.
一、被动语态的用法：
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there.→
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7.不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
There are two books to be read.→
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤：
1.先找出谓语动词；
2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语；
3.把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；
4.注意人称、时态和数的变化.
例：1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→A letter is written by Bruce every week.
2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.
3.He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far.
4.They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
5.Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now.
6.You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：
1.不及物动词无被动语态.
What will h
英语被动句是什么句型
例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者. 所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子. 例如：He opened the door.他开了门.(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了.(被动句)
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成.
一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught
一般过去时：was／were＋taught
一般将来时：will／shall(be going to) be＋taught
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught
过去进行时：was/were being＋taught
现在完成时：have／has been＋taught
过去完成时：had been +taught
过去将来时：would(was/were going to) be+taught
三、被动语态的用法
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁. 例如： Some more interesting novels were stolen last year. 一些新小说去年被写了.(没说小说是谁写的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年.
(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者. 例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的. This book was written by him.这本书是他写的. Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证.
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格.例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made?by them?in the factory.
五、含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留.
例如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away. They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
被动语态的用法归纳例句
被动语态的常见句型
1.主语（受动者） ＋ be ＋ 过去分词 ＋ （by ＋ 施动者）.例如：
He was scolded by his parents.
2.主语 ＋ get ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 其它成分.例如：
The boy got drowned last summer.
She got fired because of her faults.
注意 使用这种结构时一般不能带有“by ＋ 施动者”
3.情态动词 ＋ be ＋ 过去分词.例如：
This problem must be worked out in half an hour.
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby?鄄sitter.
4.带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为被动句,其主语可以是直接宾语,也可以是间接宾语.例如：
She lent me a bike.
被动：1） I was lent a bike (by her).
2） A bike was lent to me (by her).
5.当“动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余部分不动.例如：
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.
被动：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
6.在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面加不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to.例如：
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
被动：A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
7.如果宾语是that 从句,变为被动结构时一般用it作被动句的形式主语.例如：
They know that he is an expert.
被动：It is known that he is an expert./ He is known to be an expert.
英语中有多少种被动语态形式
英语中有十种被动语态：
1、一般现在时：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
2、一般过去时：主语 + was/were + 过去分词
3、一般将来时：主语 + shall/will + be + 过去分词
4、过去将来时：主语 + should/would + be + 过去分词
5、现在进行时：主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词
6、过去进行时：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词
7、现在完成时：主语 + have/has + been 过去分词
8、过去完成时：主语 + had been + 过去分词
9、将来完成时：主语 + shall/will + have been + 过去分词
10、过去将来完成时：主语 + should/would + have been + 过去分词
被动语态简介：
被动语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
以上内容参考 百度百科-被动语态
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