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过去式和过去分词的区别总结表格
过去式过去分词表格如图所示:
过去式(past tense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词原形的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
过去分词(past participle)是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成(规则见后)。
过去式动词变化规则
(1)一般动词直接加-ed,例如:look-looked;
(2)以哑e结尾的动词直接加-d,例如:dance-danced;
(3)辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加ed,例如:study-studied;
(4)以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母加-ed,例如:skip-skipped;
(5)以c结尾的动词,要变c为ck,再加-ed;
(6)以l结尾的动词,若以非重读音节结尾,则末尾的字母双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。例如:travel-travelled/traveled(美);
(7)部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第6条,这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。例如:worship-worshipped/worshiped(美)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(美)。
英语动词过去式和过去分词表格
英语动词过去式和过去分词表:如图所示
拓展:
英语动词过去式的变化规则
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 ed ,如:
worked played wanted acted
(2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 d,如:
lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 ed,如:
stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆:
go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was,are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat,put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew.
过去式和过去分词的变化规则表图片
过去式和过去分词的变化规则表如下:
一、规则动词:
1. 直接加-ed。如:lack---lacked, open---opened, repeat---repeated.
2. 结尾有e的只加-d。如:live---lived, please---pleased, free---freed.
3. 以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾,该音节又重读,双写结尾辅音,再加-ed。如:stop---stopped, fit---fitted, chat---chatted, control---controlled.
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-ed。如:try---tried, study---studied.
5. 以l结尾的词其变化规律等同于其现在分词的变化规律。如:travel---travelled\traveled.
二、不规则动词巧记表:
A.AAA型如下:
cast cast cast 投掷。
cut cut cut 割。
pit spit spit(spat; spat)吐,唾。
broadcast broadcast/-ed broadcast/-ed 广播。
forecast forecast/+ed forecast/+ed 预报。
B.AAB型如下:
beat beat beaten 打击。
C.ABB型
在原形动词后面加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去时,过去分词。
hear heard heard 听。
burn burnt/+ed burnt/+ed 燃烧。
learn learnt(-ed) learnt(-ed) 学。
高中英语过去式过去分词表
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let put(放) put put
read (读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug dug get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met keep (保持) kept kept
sleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt smelt
leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost
burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt
mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told
say(说) said said find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew blown
draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen
wear (穿) wore worn
be is was are
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