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英语中省略句的用法
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法.按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的成分,有时出于修辞上的需要,在句中并不出现,这种句子叫做省略句1.简单句中的省略：
在对话中,交谈双方都知道谈论的对象,则可以省略句子的主语,省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多.
（1）Looks like rain.
（2）Hope to hear from you soon.
（3）Sounds like a good idea.
（4）Beg your pardon.
（5）Feeling better today
（6）This way,please.
（7）—What does he want to eat
—Some rice and vegetables.
（8）Anything I can do for you
（9）Sorry to hear that.
（10）Doesn’t matter.
（11）Terrible weather!
（12）Pity you couldn’t come.
2.并列句中的省略：
在并列句中,相同的成分如主语,谓语,宾语等都可以省略：
（1）They learn French and we English.
（2）My father planned and built all these houses.
（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.
（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.
3.复合句中的省略：
定语从句：
（1）That’s the reason he is late for the conference.
（2）I don’t like the way he talks.
状语从句：
（1）If heated,water will boil.
（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.
（3）We’ll go to help you if necessary.
（4）Had I time,I would come.
（5）I’ll go,should it be necessary.
（6）The captain can find a boat quicker than we can.
宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同,可将从句部分的谓语省略.
（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.
（2）—Is Mr.King in his office?
—Sorry,I don’t know（whether he is in his office or not）.
4.动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中,为了避免重复,常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形,只保留to.
（1）—Would you like to go with us
—I’m glad to,but I have to finish my homework.
（2）Don’t tell me the name of the sailor if you don’t want to.
（3）—Have you ever been to the seaside?
—No,we can’t afford to.
在used to,ought to,have to,would like/love to,wish to,be going to等结构中,常常省略to后面的动词原形.
（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.
（2）He doesn’t get up early as he used to.
（3）I’ll hand it in if I have to.
（4）—Would you like to come tonight
—I’d love to.
Tell ,warn ,order ,advise ,ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时,可以省略to后面的动词原形.
（1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.
（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street,but his mother told him not to.
高中英语倒装语法讲解
倒装句
1.全部倒装
全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语
在后。有下列几种：
(1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是谓语，其后的名词
是主语。
There are different forms of energy.
On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple.
Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman.
(2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away，now，then等开头的
句子中。
There goes the bell.
Here comes the bus.
Out rushed the boy.
Away went the children.
The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man.
【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。例如：
Here it is.给你。
Away he went.他走了。
(3)直接引语在句首。
“What does it mean?” asked the boy.
(4)为了使句子保持平衡，有时需要倒装。
Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.
On the winding path were to be found footprints of some
strange animals.
2.部分倒装
即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。相当于变为一般疑问句中的
谓语。是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。
部分倒装主要有以下几种情况：
(1)Only +状语在句首：
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily
back to work.
【注意】如果only后没有状语，即使在句首也不倒装。例如：
Only a doctor can do it.
(2)否定副词在句首。这类副词主要有：hardly, seldom, little, not,
nor, neither, not only...but also, no sooner...than,
hardly...when，in no time等。
Little does he care about what others think.
Not a single mistake did he make.
Never shall I forget it.
Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
Not until he came back did I leave.
At no time should you leave your post.
(3)由so引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或东西)或由
neither/nor引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或东
西)的句型：
She is a teacher. So is her brother.
You can drive. So can I.
She can’t do the work. Neither/Nor can I.
注意：如果是重复相同的意思，不倒装。例如：
—It was cold yesterday.
—So it was.
(4)so...that 句型，如果so在句首。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could
hear him.
So shallow was the water that there were no fish in the lake.
(5)省略了if的虚拟条件句。
Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something.
Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here.
Were I not engaged in my present work, I would be quite willing
to do what you ask me to.
3.只把表语、宾语、状语提到句首。这类倒装既不是全部倒装，
又不同于部分倒装，只把表语、宾语、状语提到句首，谓语动、
词并不倒装。
(1)as引导让步状语从句：
Young as he is, he is very brave.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
(2)however与no matter how引导的让步状语从句：
However great the difficulty may be, we won’t lose heart.
(3)感叹句：
What a warm welcome they received!
How fast he ran!
(4)the more...the more句型：
The farther away a thing is, the smaller it looks.
省略句
1.省略主语：
(I) Haven’t seen you for ages.
(It) Doesn’t matter.
(It) Looks like rain.
2.省略谓语或谓语的一部分：
(Is there) Anything you want?
(Is) Anything the matter?
(Does) Anybody need help?
(Are) You hungry?
3.省略宾语：
—Which of them is the better choice?
—Well, it’s hard to tell (it).
—Where is George?
—I don’t know (where he is).
4.省略主语和谓语：
What a pity (it is) you can’t go to the lecture.
(I’m) Sorry！
(I’m) Afraid I can’t come.
—Did you like the film?
—Oh, very much.
5.省略不定式：
He didn’t come, though we had invited him to (come).
6.简单句中的省略,对话中最普遍。
—Will you join us?
—I should love to.
—Are you tired?
—Not very.
—What made Tom unhappy？
—Losing the match.
—I went to an exhibition this morning.
—With whom?
Hope to hear from you soon.
Anybody against it?
7.复合句中的省略：
—Did you know anything about it?
—Not until you told me.
—Shall I make a copy of it?
—Yes, if time permits.
—Is he coming back tonight?
—I guess so.
—She may not be free today.
—If so, we’ll have to put the meeting off.
8.在状语从句中也有省略现象：
When (it is) completed, the power station will supply enough
electricity.
If (it is) necessary, I’ll go there myself.
She told the children not to talk while (they were) eating.
Anyone, no matter who (he is), may point out our shortcomings.
9.并列句中的省略：后面分句与前句相同的部分，可省略。
I work in a factory and my brother (works) on a farm.
My room is on the second floor and his, on the third.
He majors in English and I in French.
省略句的用法归纳英语
1、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略
2、在用when，while，if，as if，though（although），as until，whether等连词引导的状语从句中，如果谓语有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或是it时，则从句的主语和be常可省略
3、在than，as，no matter what（who等）分句后面常可省略某些成分
4、在know，think，consider，suppose，find，belive，say，decide等动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连接词that常可省略
5、在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom，which，that常省略；在以the same...as和such...as引出的某些定语从句中，也可以省略与主句相同的成分
6、在以there is开头的句子中，修饰主语的同位语从句的连接词常省略，修饰主语的定语从句的关系代词作主语，有时可以省略
7、用so，not或其他手段来替代上文或问句中的一部分或整个句意
8、在某些动词后的宾语补语和主语补语中可将to be省略
9、在“the+比较级...the+比较级...”结构中，有时可省略be或there be
10、某些动词在接that从句时，不用与之搭配的介词
11、用to表示前述动词不定式，其后面有关成分省略
12、在某些虚拟语气的句子中可以省略should
13、在用so+that连接的从句中，常省略so或that
14、省略介词in的几个固定词组
英语省略句语法总结高中
词的省略
1.省略介词：I've studied English (for) five years.我已学五年英语了。
2.省略连词that：I believe (that) you will succeed.我相信你们会成功的。
3.省略关系代词：I'll give you all (that) I have.我要把我所有的一切都给你。
扩展资料
句子成分的省略1.省略主语：(You) Open the door,please.请开一下门。
2.省略谓语：Who (comes) next?该谁了?
3.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分：(There is) No smoking.禁止抽烟。
4.省略表语：Are you thirsty ? 你30岁了吗?Yes,I am (thirsty).是的，我是。
5.省略宾语：Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry(dishes). 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。
6.省略状语：He was not hurt. (how)Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪!
7.同时省略几个成分：(I wish) Good luck (to you) .祝你好运/祝你顺利。
省略句的基本情况
1.为避免重复而进行的省略。当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的'情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。
2.语法上的省略。有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如：Hegotupatsix(o’clock).他六点钟起床。
3.习惯用法上的省略。有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略：Veryeasy?很简单吗？
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