本文目录
英语二月的来历故事
1
January 一月
January is named after the Roman god Janus, who presided over doors and beginnings – appropriately enough, for the beginning of the year (though this is, as you will discover, not as straightforward as it seems). Indeed, Janus was usually depicted with two faces looking backwards and forwards, as is often characteristic of a new year; this also gave rise to the term Janus word for words that have two opposite meanings.
January是以罗马神话中双面神杰纳斯（Janus）的名字命名的。他负责司守门户以及万物的始末——作为一年的开始，他很适合（尽管你会发现，其实并没有那么直观）。事实上，杰纳斯通常以双面孔示人，一面回顾过去，一面注视未来，而这经常被视为新的一年的特征；这也使得它的引申词组“Janus word”（双面词）表示兼有两种相反含义的词。
2
February 二月
February is ultimately based on Latin februarius, from februa. In case that’s not helped things become clearer, februa was the name of a purification feast held on the 15th of this month. February is a divisive issue in modern pronunciation, with both Feb-yoo-ary and Feb-roo-ary being commonly heard.
February由拉丁语“februa”的衍生词“februarius”演变而来。可能这样说并没有解释得很清楚，这里再补充一下：“februa”是这个月十五号举行的一场涤罪盛宴的名称。在现代英语中，人们对“February”的发音产生了分歧，最常听到的有两种，一种是“Feb-yoo-ary”，还有一种是“Feb-roo-ary”。
3
March 三月
Which god gets a planet and a month named after him? You’ve guessed it: Mars. Why him? As the Oxford English Dictionary notes, ‘In ancient Rome several festivals of Mars took place in March, presumably in preparation for the campaigning season, since Mars was a god of war.’
有哪位神的名字既是一个星球的名字，又是一个月份的名字呢？你们已经猜到了：马尔斯（Mars）。为什么是他？《牛津英语词典》上记载：“在古罗马时期，一些有关于马尔斯的节日都在三月举行，想必是为了战争时期做准备，因为马尔斯是一位战神。”
4
April 四月
We know that the English word April comes from the Latin Aprillis, the fourth month of the ancient Roman calendar, but things are less clear after that. In Old English, April was also sometimes called Eastermonab, ‘Easter month’.
我们知道英文词汇“April”来源于拉丁语“Aprillis”，是古罗马日历的第四个月，但除此之外，我们就不太清楚了。在古英语中，四月有时也被称为“Eastermonth”，即“复活月”。
5
May 五月
The month is connected with the goddess Maia. Perhaps less well known now than the other deities with months named after them, Maia (in Greek mythology) was daughter of Atlas and mother of Hermes. She was considered a nurturer and an earth goddess, which may explain the connection with this springtime month. Although may is a common modal verb, the month and the word are unrelated.
这个月与玛雅女神（the goddess Maia）有关。与其他神相比，也许玛雅并没有那么为人们所熟知，在希腊神话中，她是阿特拉（Atlas）之女，同时也是赫尔墨斯（Hermes）之母。她被誉为养育者和大地女神，这或许可以解释为什么它是属于春季的月份。尽管“may”经常被用作情态动词，但它与五月并没有关系。
6
June 六月
Having conceded one month to a Greek deity, we’re now back with the Romans: June is named after the ancient Roman goddess Juno, wife of Jupiter and goddess of marriage and childbirth. June was also once sometimes known as midsummer month.
前面已经有一个月是以希腊女神命名的了，现在我们再次回到罗马的神灵：六月是以古罗马女神朱诺（Juno）命名的。她是主神朱庇特（Jupiter）的妻子，是婚姻与分娩之神。六月也曾一度被认为是仲夏月。
7
July 七月
The first month in the calendar named after a real person, July was named in honour of Julius Caesar after his death in 44 BC, July being the month of his birth. Before it was renamed, the month was known as Quintilis (borrowed into English as Quintile), which means ‘fifth’. If you’ve been counting, you’ll know that July isn’t the fifth month: we’ll come on to that when we reach September and October.
July是日历中第一个以真实的人物命名的月份，七月的命名是为了纪念尤里乌斯•凯撒（Julius Caesar）。公元前44年，凯撒大帝去世，七月是他出生的月份。在更名之前，这个月叫做“Quintilis”（英语则为“Quintile”），意为“第五”。如果你数过了的话，你会发现七月并不是第五个月：这一点在说到九月和十月的时候我们会做出解释。
8
August 八月
Following suit, in 8 BC, the month Sextilis (‘sixth’) was renamed after Augustus, the first Roman emperor, who had died six years earlier. Augustus himself was given this title when he became emperor, having previously been known as Octavian. It came from the Latin augustus meaning ‘consecrated, venerable’ which gave rise to the English adjective august, ‘respected and impressive’.
同样地，在公元前8年，“Sextilis” (‘sixth’)这个月以古罗马第一位帝王奥古斯都（Augustus）来命名，他本人早于六年前去世。奥古斯都是他在成为帝王之时为自己改的名字，在这之前，他叫奥克塔维安（Octavian）。这个词来源于拉丁语“augustus”，意为“神圣的、值得尊敬的”，由此，august在做形容词时有“值得尊敬的”的意思。
9
September 九月
September follows on from Quinitlis and Sextilis, in that it comes from the Latin septem, ‘seven’. As with those (and the rest of the calendar), the numbering is a bit off now: September was originally the seventh month in an ancient Roman ten-month calendar, which started with March.
“September”排在“Quinitlis”和“Sextilis”之后，是因为它来源于拉丁语“septem”，在这里是指第七个月。到这里，这些月份（以及日历中其它月份）的排序方式就有点混乱了：在古罗马的十月制日历中，September是第七个月份，那个日历是从March开始的。
10
October 十月
More of the same: octo is the Latin for ‘eight’, for that ten month calendar. Two months were added to the end of the calendar year around 713 BC, and the beginning of the year was moved to 1 January in 153 BC.
同理，“octo”在拉丁语中是八的意思，因此在十月历中，它是指第八个月。在公元前713年左右，日历年的年底又加了两个月，公元前153年将一月一日作为一年的开始。
1
January 一月
January is named after the Roman god Janus, who presided over doors and beginnings – appropriately enough, for the beginning of the year (though this is, as you will discover, not as straightforward as it seems). Indeed, Janus was usually depicted with two faces looking backwards and forwards, as is often characteristic of a new year; this also gave rise to the term Janus word for words that have two opposite meanings.
January是以罗马神话中双面神杰纳斯（Janus）的名字命名的。他负责司守门户以及万物的始末——作为一年的开始，他很适合（尽管你会发现，其实并没有那么直观）。事实上，杰纳斯通常以双面孔示人，一面回顾过去，一面注视未来，而这经常被视为新的一年的特征；这也使得它的引申词组“Janus word”（双面词）表示兼有两种相反含义的词。
2
February 二月
February is ultimately based on Latin februarius, from februa. In case that’s not helped things become clearer, februa was the name of a purification feast held on the 15th of this month. February is a divisive issue in modern pronunciation, with both Feb-yoo-ary and Feb-roo-ary being commonly heard.
February由拉丁语“februa”的衍生词“februarius”演变而来。可能这样说并没有解释得很清楚，这里再补充一下：“februa”是这个月十五号举行的一场涤罪盛宴的名称。在现代英语中，人们对“February”的发音产生了分歧，最常听到的有两种，一种是“Feb-yoo-ary”，还有一种是“Feb-roo-ary”。
3
March 三月
Which god gets a planet and a month named after him? You’ve guessed it: Mars. Why him? As the Oxford English Dictionary notes, ‘In ancient Rome several festivals of Mars took place in March, presumably in preparation for the campaigning season, since Mars was a god of war.’
有哪位神的名字既是一个星球的名字，又是一个月份的名字呢？你们已经猜到了：马尔斯（Mars）。为什么是他？《牛津英语词典》上记载：“在古罗马时期，一些有关于马尔斯的节日都在三月举行，想必是为了战争时期做准备，因为马尔斯是一位战神。”
4
April 四月
We know that the English word April comes from the Latin Aprillis, the fourth month of the ancient Roman calendar, but things are less clear after that. In Old English, April was also sometimes called Eastermonab, ‘Easter month’.
我们知道英文词汇“April”来源于拉丁语“Aprillis”，是古罗马日历的第四个月，但除此之外，我们就不太清楚了。在古英语中，四月有时也被称为“Eastermonth”，即“复活月”。
5
May 五月
The month is connected with the goddess Maia. Perhaps less well known now than the other deities with months named after them, Maia (in Greek mythology) was daughter of Atlas and mother of Hermes. She was considered a nurturer and an earth goddess, which may explain the connection with this springtime month. Although may is a common modal verb, the month and the word are unrelated.
这个月与玛雅女神（the goddess Maia）有关。与其他神相比，也许玛雅并没有那么为人们所熟知，在希腊神话中，她是阿特拉（Atlas）之女，同时也是赫尔墨斯（Hermes）之母。她被誉为养育者和大地女神，这或许可以解释为什么它是属于春季的月份。尽管“may”经常被用作情态动词，但它与五月并没有关系。
6
June 六月
Having conceded one month to a Greek deity, we’re now back with the Romans: June is named after the ancient Roman goddess Juno, wife of Jupiter and goddess of marriage and childbirth. June was also once sometimes known as midsummer month.
前面已经有一个月是以希腊女神命名的了，现在我们再次回到罗马的神灵：六月是以古罗马女神朱诺（Juno）命名的。她是主神朱庇特（Jupiter）的妻子，是婚姻与分娩之神。六月也曾一度被认为是仲夏月。
7
July 七月
The first month in the calendar named after a real person, July was named in honour of Julius Caesar after his death in 44 BC, July being the month of his birth. Before it was renamed, the month was known as Quintilis (borrowed into English as Quintile), which means ‘fifth’. If you’ve been counting, you’ll know that July isn’t the fifth month: we’ll come on to that when we reach September and October.
July是日历中第一个以真实的人物命名的月份，七月的命名是为了纪念尤里乌斯•凯撒（Julius Caesar）。公元前44年，凯撒大帝去世，七月是他出生的月份。在更名之前，这个月叫做“Quintilis”（英语则为“Quintile”），意为“第五”。如果你数过了的话，你会发现七月并不是第五个月：这一点在说到九月和十月的时候我们会做出解释。
8
August 八月
Following suit, in 8 BC, the month Sextilis (‘sixth’) was renamed after Augustus, the first Roman emperor, who had died six years earlier. Augustus himself was given this title when he became emperor, having previously been known as Octavian. It came from the Latin augustus meaning ‘consecrated, venerable’ which gave rise to the English adjective august, ‘respected and impressive’.
同样地，在公元前8年，“Sextilis” (‘sixth’)这个月以古罗马第一位帝王奥古斯都（Augustus）来命名，他本人早于六年前去世。奥古斯都是他在成为帝王之时为自己改的名字，在这之前，他叫奥克塔维安（Octavian）。这个词来源于拉丁语“augustus”，意为“神圣的、值得尊敬的”，由此，august在做形容词时有“值得尊敬的”的意思。
9
September 九月
September follows on from Quinitlis and Sextilis, in that it comes from the Latin septem, ‘seven’. As with those (and the rest of the calendar), the numbering is a bit off now: September was originally the seventh month in an ancient Roman ten-month calendar, which started with March.
“September”排在“Quinitlis”和“Sextilis”之后，是因为它来源于拉丁语“septem”，在这里是指第七个月。到这里，这些月份（以及日历中其它月份）的排序方式就有点混乱了：在古罗马的十月制日历中，September是第七个月份，那个日历是从March开始的。
10
October 十月
More of the same: octo is the Latin for ‘eight’, for that ten month calendar. Two months were added to the end of the calendar year around 713 BC, and the beginning of the year was moved to 1 January in 153 BC.
同理，“octo”在拉丁语中是八的意思，因此在十月历中，它是指第八个月。在公元前713年左右，日历年的年底又加了两个月，公元前153年将一月一日作为一年的开始。
英语十二个月份单词的由来
今天世界通用公历起源于古罗马历法。古罗马历法原来只有十个月，后来罗马皇帝增加了两个月，并将这两个月放在年初，成为一月和二月。原来的一月和二月便成了三月和四月，后面的月份依次类推。现在英语中十二个月份的名称大多与罗马的神话、传说和习俗等有关。
January在罗马的传说中有一位名叫Januarius（雅努斯）的守护神。他生来就有前后两副脸孔，一副回顾过去，一副眺望未来。人们认为，以他的名字作为第一个月的月名很有意义，于是这位守护神的拉丁文名字就演变成了January。
February每年二月初，罗马民间都要欢庆Februarius（菲勃卢姆）节。这一天，人们常用一种牛草制成的名为Februa的鞭子抽打不能生育的妇女，以求其能怀孕生子．同样在这一天，人们还要忏悔自己在过去一年中的罪过，以求得神明的饶恕，使自己成为一个贞洁的人。February就是由Februarius这个节日的拉丁美洲名称演变而来的。
March三月原来是古罗马历法中的一月，表示新年的开始。历法改革后，罗马人往往仍然把三月看作是一年的开始。另外，按照传统，三月是出征远战的月份，为了纪念战神Marrius（玛尔斯），人们便把这位战神的拉丁美洲名字作为三月的月名。Marchm即由此演变而来。
April罗马的四月正是春暖花开的季节。英语中的April便由拉丁文Aprilis（开花的日子）演变而来。
May罗马神话中的女神Maius（玛雅）专门司管春天和生命。为了纪念这位女神，罗马人便用她的名字为五月命名。May由此演变而来。
June在罗马神话中，Junius（裘诺）是众神之王，又司管生育和保护妇女。罗马人对她十分崇敬，便用她的名字来为六月命名。June由此演变而来。
July罗马统治者朱里斯凯撒大帝被刺身亡后，著名的罗马将军马克安东尼建议用凯撒大帝的名字Julius（朱里斯）来命名他诞生的七月，后经元老院通过。July即由此演变而来。
August朱里斯凯撒大帝死后，他的侄子继承了帝位。他登基后，罗马元老院在八月给他授予了Augustus（奥古斯都）的尊号。他为了能与凯撒齐名，就用自己的这个尊号命名了八月。August便由这位皇帝的拉丁文尊号演变而来。
September罗马老历法的七月正是改革后历法的九月。在拉丁文中，Septem是“七”的意思。虽然历法改革了，但人们仍然沿用旧名来称呼九月。September便由此演变而来。
October英语中的October来源于拉丁文Octo，即“八”的意思。它和九月完全一样，虽然历法改了，但称呼仍然沿用未变。
November罗马皇帝凯撒和奥古斯都都以自己的名字命名了某个月份，罗马市民和元老院建议当时的罗马皇帝梯比里也用其名命名十一月。但梯比里乌斯没有同意，他明智地对大家说，如果罗马的每个皇帝都用自己的名字来命名月份，那么要是出现了第十三个皇帝谈怎公办？于是，十一月仍然保留了旧名Novem，即拉丁文中“九”的意思。November便由此演变而来。
December罗马皇帝琉西乌斯想用他情妇的名字来给一年中的最后一个朋命名，却遭到了元老院的极力反对．于是，十二月仍然沿用旧称Decem，即拉丁文中“十”的意思。December便由此演变而来
General calendar in the world today originated in the ancient Roman calendar. Roman calendar had only ten months, an increase two months later the Roman emperor, and two months on the year, as January and February. The original January and February, March and April has become the back of the month and so on. The English name of the twelve most of the month and Roman myths, legends and customs and so on.
January in Rome, legend has named Januarius (Janus) is the patron saint. Before and after he was born with two faces, one looking back, one overlooking the future. It is believed that the name in his first month as a month name makes sense, so the patron saint of the Latin name evolved into January.
February each year in early February, the Roman people should celebrate Februarius (Feibo Bloom) section. On this day, people often made from a cow grass whip called Februa of infertile women to get pregnant in order of their children. Also on this day, people should confess their sins in the past year in order to obtain forgiveness of the gods, to become a virtuous person. February is the Latin name of this festival Februarius evolved.
March is the ancient Roman calendar had March in January, said the New Year. Calendar reform, the Romans often remains to be seen as the year began in March. In addition, according to tradition, March is the month set off far from war, to commemorate the god of war Marrius (Mars), the Latin American people to put the name of the God of War as the name of March. Marchm that this evolved.
Rome, April is the spring season in April. April will be in English from Latin Aprilis (flowering time) evolved.
May Roman mythology, the goddess Maius (Maya) Specialized Division tube spring and life. To commemorate the goddess, the Roman name for it in May with her name. May this evolved.
June In Roman mythology, Junius (Qiu Connaught) is the king of the gods, and Division management and protection of women's fertility. Roman reverence for her, he used her name to the name in June. June thus evolved.
July Roman rulers Julius Caesar was stabbed to death Zhu Reese, the famous Roman general Mark Antony suggested the name of Julius Caesar Julius (Zhu Rees) to name his birth in July, after the adoption by the Senate. July is thus evolved.
August after the death of Julius Caesar Doris Chu, his nephew inherited the throne. He ascended the throne, the Roman Senate granted him in August, Augustus (Augustus) of appellation. In order to par with the Caesar he, to use their own appellation named this August. August will be the emperor of the Latin appellation evolved.
Rome, July, September is the old calendar September calendar reform. In Latin, Septem is "seven" means. Although reform of the calendar, but people still use the old name to refer to September. Have evolved from this September.
October October in English from the Latin Octo, that "eight" means. It exactly the same as in September, although the calendar changed, but the title is still in use unchanged.
November Roman emperor Augustus Caesar and his name are to a certain month, the Roman people and Senate proposals ladder Roman emperor at the time also used the name than the name in November. But the ladder Biliwusi did not agree, he wisely tell you that if the Roman emperors were each named after their own month, so if the thirteenth emperor appeared in public about how to do? So, still retained the old name in November Novem, the Latin for "nine" means. November will thus evolved.
Roman Emperor December sulfur Xiwu Si want to give the name of his mistress in the last year, a friend named, but was strongly opposed to the Senate. Thus, December is still in use formerly Decem, the Latin for "ten" means. December has evolved from this
英语十二个月的来历
一月January是由拉丁文Januarius演变而来。古罗马把一月叫做Januarius，是为了纪念罗马人崇拜的守护神雅努斯Jarus。
二月February，由拉丁文Februarius演变而来。此词又来源于古罗马的菲勃卢姆节Februm。
三月March，由拉丁文Martius演变而来。是表示对战神马尔斯Mars的崇拜。
四月April，从拉丁文Aprilis演变而来。原意是大地回春，万象更新。
五月May，，罗马神话里掌管春天和生命的女神叫玛雅Maia，为了纪念她，便把五月叫做Maius，，May由此演变而来。
六月June，罗马神话中的女神之王叫裘诺Juno，罗马人就将六月称为裘诺之月Junius，June由此演变而来。
七月July，由拉丁文Julius演变而来。Juius是古罗马统治者儒略·凯撒的名字，为了纪念他，便把他出生的七月命名为Julius。
八月August由拉丁文Augustus演变而来。凯撒死后，他的侄儿奥古斯都继位，为了留名，便把他出生的八月改用他的名字Augustus。
九月September，由拉丁文Septem演变而来。原意是第七，就是七月。古罗马历法原来是一年十个月，后来加了两个月，放在年初，顺延七月就变成了九月。
十月October，由拉丁文Octo演变而来。原意是第八，由上述原因八月变成了十月。
十一月November，由拉丁文Novem演变而来，原意是第九，同理，九月变成了十一月。十二月December，由拉丁文Decem演变而来，原意是第十，同理，十月变成了十二月。
英语中12个月名称的由来
January--1月
在罗马传说中，有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神，生有先后两副脸，一副回顾过去，一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧觃新的第一个月月名，很有意义。英语
January，便是由这位守护神的缤丁文名字January演变而来的。
February--2月
每年2 月初，罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒，欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天，人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子，抽打不育的妇女，以求怀孕生子。这一天，人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过，洗刷自己的灵魂，求得神明的饶恕，使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语2月February，便是由缤丁文Februar-ius（即菲勃卢姆节）演变而来。
March-----3月
3月，訽是罗马旧历法的1 月，新年的开始。縚撒大帝改革历法后，訽来的1月变成3月，但罗马人仍然把3 月看做是一年的开始。另外，按照传统习惯，3月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯，人们便把这位战神的缤丁名字作为3月的月名。英语3月March，便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。
April--4月
罗马的4月，正是大地回春.鲜花初绽的美好季节。英文4月April便由缤丁文April（即开花的日子）演变而来。
May--5月
罗马神话中的女神玛雅，专门司管春天和生命。为了纪念这位女神，罗马人便用她的名字--缤丁文Maius命名5月，英文5月May便由这位女神的名字演变而来。
June--6月
罗马神话中的裘诺，是众神之王，又是司管生育和保护妇女的神。古罗马对她十分崇
敬，便把6月奉献给她，以她的名字--缤丁文Junius来命名6 月。英语6月June便由这位女神的名字演变而来。也有学者认为，Junius可能是个代缤丁家族中一个显赫贵族的姓氏。
July--7月
罗马统治者朱里斯*縚撒大帝被刺死后，著名的罗马将军马克*按东尼建议将縚撒大帝诞生的7月，用縚撒的名字--缤丁文Julius（即朱里斯）命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语7月July由此演变而来。
August--8月
朱里斯*縚撒死后，由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和縚撒齐名，他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在9月，但他选定8月。因为他登基后，罗马元老院在8 月授予他Augustus（奥古斯都）的尊号。于是，他决定用这个尊号来命名8月。訽来8月比7月少一天，为了和縚撒平起平坐，他又决定从2月中抽出一天加在8月上。从此，2月便少了一天。英语8月August便由这位皇帝的缤丁语尊号演变而来。
September--9月
老历法的7月，正是縚撒大帝改革历法后的9月，缤丁文Septem是"7"月的意思。虽然历法改革了，但人们仍袭用旧名称来称呼9月。英语9月September，便由 此演变而来。
October--10月
英语10月，来自缤丁文Octo，即"8"的意思。它和上面讲的9月一样，历法改了，称呼仍然沿用未变。
November--11月
罗马皇帝奥古斯都和縚撒都有了自己名字命名的月份，罗马市民和元老院要求当时的罗马皇帝梯比里乌斯用其名命名11月。但梯比里乌斯没有同意，他明智地对大家说，如果罗马每个皇帝都用自己的名字来命名月份，那么出现了第13个皇帝怎么办？于是，11月仍然保留着旧称Novem，即缤丁文"9"的意思。英语11月November便由此演变而来。
December--12月
罗马皇帝琉西乌斯要把一年中最后一个月用他情妇的Amagonius的名字来命名，但遭但元老院的反对。于是，12月仍然沿用旧名Decem，即缤丁文"10"的意思。英语12月December，便由此演变而来
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