本文目录
被动语态的各种时态形式表格
被动语态的各种时态形式是:
一、一般现在时的被动语态结构是:be(am、is、are)+ done(动词的过去分词)。
二、一般过去时的被动语态结构是:was /were + done(动词的过去分词)。
三、一般将来时的被动语态结构是:will +be + done(动词的过去分词)。
四、一般过去将来时的被动语态结构是:would+ be + done(动词的过去分词)。
注意事项
英语的被动语态往往由“by”引出,而有用介词“by on foot”步行(美国人有时用“by foot”),“in carriage”(乘四轮马车)等等。
还有假主动,真被动的十几个常用词的用法,以及“so heavy to carry”而不用“so heavy to be carried”等习惯用法。有关这类情况,做到心中有数对全面掌握被动语态,准确无误地解答习题非常关键。
英语被动语态的概念是什么
英语被动语态基本构成公式:
be
+
实义动词的过去分词。
1、一般现在时:am/is/are+given
2、一般过去时:was/were+given
3、一般将来时:will/shall
be+given
4、过去将来时:would
be+given
5、现在进行时:am/is/are
being+given
6、过去进行时:was/were
being+given
7、现在完成时:has/have
been+given
8、过去完成时:had
been+given
9、将来完成时:will/shall
have
been+given
英语中被动语态的构成不仅仅需要在实义动词前添加词语,
还需要
实义动词的参与:该实义动词要变成其过去分词的形式。
提示:
只有实义动词中的及物动词才有被动语态的构成形式,
不及物动词没有被动语态的构成形成
中文句中的动词不区分为谓语动词和非谓语动词,
但是英语句中的动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词的区分,
也因英语中的被动语态结构有两种形式:
谓语动词的被动语态和非谓语动词的被动语态。
扩展资料
1、am
、is、are
是be动词在一般现在时态下的三种变化形式;
2、was、were是be动词在一般过去时态下的两种变化形式;
3、"has/have
+
动词过去分词"是现在完成时态的构成形式。
被动语态的构成结构中一定要有助动词be和实义动词的过去分词,为了满足现在完成时态的构成要求,助动词变成过去分词(been),与has/have构成现在完成时态。
同时be动词(此时已经变成过去分词been)与实义动词的过去分词构成被动语态,因此has/have
been
done既体现了现在完成时态的时态意义又表达出了被动意义,形成了现在完成完成时态的被动语态结构。
参考资料来源:搜狗百科-英语被动语态
英语中不能用被动语态的动词
一般时的被动 be+done(一般现在时和一般过去时)A The flowers are watered B The flowers were watered yesterday 正在进行时的被动be doing done The flowers are\were being watered 完成时的被动 have\has\had been done The flowers have\had been watered 正在进行的被动 be being done The flowers are\were being watered 特殊用法:(1)主动形式表示被动意义 11常见的这类动词有:“act,add up,clean,compare,count,cook,draw,fill,iron,keep,let,look,make up,milk,kill,open,photograph,prove,read,sell,smoke,spoil”等。 The window won’t open.(这扇窗户打不开。) The cow milks well.(这头牛出奶率很高。) 2There be句型: There are a lot of things to do. There is nothing to worry about. 3不定式修饰want, have等动词的宾语,而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时: I want some clothes to wash. 4不定式修饰buy,get,give等动词的直接宾语,而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时: His sister gave him a bike to ride. (2)“It is+V-ed+that-··"结构表示被动 常用的这类结构有:“it is said that…”(据说);It is supposed that…(据推测);It is well known that"…(众所周知);It is believed that"…(据信);It is reported that"…(据报导);It is hoped that"…(人们希望);It is generally considered that"…(有人认为);1twill be seen that"…(由此可以看出);It must be admitted that…(必须承认);It must be pointed out that…
被动语态九种形式
1. 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态.当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态.被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来.例如:
1)一般现在时:You are required to do this.
2)一般过去时:The story was told by her.
3)一般将来时:The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
4)现在进行时:The question is being discussed in the meeting room.
5)过去进行时:The new road was being made.
6)现在完成时:The novel has been read.
7)过去完成时:He said that the work had been finished.
8) 过去将来时:He said that the trees would be planted soon.
2. 一些特殊的被动结构
1)带情态动词的被动结构:
The problem must be solved soon.
2)带不定式的被动结构:
The homework needs to be done with care.
3)短语动词的被动结构:
例1)The baby is looked after carefully.
用于这类被动结构的短语动词要把它们作为整体看待.这类结构有以下几种:
①(不及物)动词+介词:agree to, ask for, call for, laugh at, listen to, look after, operate on, send for, talk about, think of等.
②(及物)动词+副词:bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, take up, think over, turn down, turn out, wipe out, work out等.
③动词+副词+介词:do away with, face up to, give in to, look down upon, make up for, put up with等.
例 2) Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.
用于这类被动结构的短语动词最多见的是“动词+名词+介词”这一结构.如:catch sight of, keep an eye on, make use of, make a fool of, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire /light to, take care of, take hold of, take notice of等.
例 2与例1的不同点在于,它们用于被动时态能有两种形式.第一种形式是把“动词+名词+介词”作为整体看待.第二种形式是把其中的“动词+名词”作为“动词+宾语”的结构处理.
4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改成主语,宾语补足语保留在谓语后面.例如:
We always keep the classroom clean.
(比较:The classroom is always kept clean.)
5)有些动词形式上是主动结构,但表示被动的意思.常见的有可和well, easily等副词连用的不及物动词sell, wash, write, read, clean, cook等.例如:
The cloth washes well.这布很经洗.
The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销.
The pen writes well.这枝笔很好用.
6)下列情况主动句不能改成被动句:
①谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, benefit, lack等.
②谓语是不可拆开的短语动词take place, lose heart, belong to, consist of等.
③宾语是反身代词,相互代词,同源宾语,不定式,动名词,抽象名词等.
7)汉语有一类句子不出现主语,在英语中一般可用被动结构表示.例如:
据说…… It is said that …
希望… … It is hoped that …
据推测说… … It is supposed that …
必须承认… … It must be admitted that …
必须指出… … It must be pointed out that …
众所周知… … It is well known that …
有人会说… … It will be said that …
大家认为… … It is generally considered that …
有人相信… … It is believed that …
注意:这种结构可改为“Sb/Sth + be + pp + 动词不定式” .例如:
It is said that Tom has got the first place in the exam.=Tom is said to have got the first place in the place.
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.=Her mother was reported to have died of SARS.
3. 主动表示被动含义
主动表示被动含义的句子的主语通常是表示物的词(指人的极少),而且这种物都具有某种内在的特点,能够促进动词所表示的动作得以实现或难以实现.这时的动词一般是不及物动词.例如:
Your speech reads well.
The dinner is cooking.
The cloth has worn thin.
The door won’t lock.
The windows blew open.
The food tastes sweet.
比较:
The girl does not photograph well.(强调女孩的特点,不上照.)
The girl has not been photographed well.(与女孩本人无关,在于摄影师没有照好.)
选我吧,打了好久的.
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