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英语中动词过去式变化规律
大部分与过去时同型,
不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下:
1. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。过去分词不变.如:
become—became, come—came
2.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—sank,
3.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
6. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
7.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
8.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
9.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,
mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕, dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕
13.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must,
put—put,read—read〔red〕,set—set
14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如:
dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined
smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,
feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hide—hid,
hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may—
might,run—ran,see—saw, smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke,
wear—wore
经过这么一指点,初二上册所学的不规则动词过去式就一目了然了,相信同学们很快就能把它们记下来,并且一定会有事半功倍的效果。
教师寄语:
没有非常的精力和工作能力便不可能成为天才,既没有精力也没有工作能力的所谓天才,不
过是一个漂亮的肥皂泡,或者是一张只能到月球上去兑现的支票而已,但是,哪里有超乎平常
人的精力与工作能力,哪里就有天才。
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine perspiration.
英语动词变过去式过去分词的规则
规则动词的过去式变化如下:
一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:
worked played wanted acted
以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped 注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went make - made get - got buy - bought come - came fly-flew
动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化
AB型
can could shall should
will would may might
AAA型
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
let let let
must must must
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
read read read
AAB型
beat beat beaten
ABA型
become became become
come came come
run ran run
ABB型
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
think thought thought
catch caught caught
teach taught taught
build built built
lend lent lent
send sent sent
spend spent spent
dig dug dug
hang hung hung
feel felt felt
keep kept kept
sleep slept slept
sweep swept swept
leave left left
smell smelt smelt
spill spilt spilt
lay laid laid
pay paid paid
say said said
sell sold sold
tell told told
sit sat sat
spit spat spat
stand stood stood
understand understood understood
learn learnt learnt
mean meant meant
spoil spoilt spoilt
shine shone shone
win won won
have had had
make made made
hear heard heard
find found found
hold held held
动词过去式过去分词变化规则口诀
动词的过去分词变化规则口诀如下:
一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed ”;以不发音的“e”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d”;以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将 "y" 变为“i”,再加“ed”;重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母(r、y、x除外),先双写该辅音字母,再加“ed”。
以“元音字母+l”非重读结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写“l”,再加“ed”;以非重读闭音节结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加“ed”;以c结尾的动词,要变c为ck,再加“ed”;特殊词语特殊记。
英语词性分类:名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、代词、数词、量词、连词、感叹词、疑问词、冠词。而动词是十大词性中最复杂的一种,因为动词本身变化多端,它共有原形、单三、过去式、过去分词、和现在分词五种形式。
动词用来表示一种状态或动作。例如,他们展示了人们或事物的行为、想法或感受。动词有不同的功能。一般来说,我们认为动词是“主要动词”。但是,动词也可以用作助动词或情态动词。
动词过去分词变化规则
动词的过去式和过去分词的变化规则有五种,详细如下:
1、一般在动词原形后加-ed。
例:look;looked;looked;call;called;called
注意:-ed在清辅音音素后 发音为[t],在浊辅音后发音为[d],在元音后发音也为[d],-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id] needed[ni:did].
2、以-e结尾的动词直接加-d。
例:move;moved;moved;phone;phoned;phoned
3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。
例:study;studied;studied
4、以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed。
例:play;played;played
5、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed。
例:stop;stopped;stopped
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