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现在分词做状语
现在分词用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作所发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果。
(1)作时间状语
Beinggivenachance,sheimmediatelyjumpedatit.给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。
Seeingthepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Passingtheplace,mysenseofoppressionincreased.经过那地方，我的压抑感便越发厉害。
(2)作原因状语
Beingwelltakencareof,sherecoveredquickly.她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。
Writinghurriedlyasshewas,shedidn’tnoticethespellingerrors.因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。
Steppingcarelesslyoffthepazement,hewasknockeddownbythebus.他不小心离开了人行道，被公共汽车撞倒了。
(3)作条件状语
Beingadvisedtotalkless,Marykeepssilentwhilewetalk.要是叫她少说点，当我们说话的时候，玛丽就会保持沉默。
Itwilltakeyouhalfanhourtogettothestation,allowingfortrafficdelays.把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。
Beingdefeatedineverybattle,theenemywillsoonsurrender.要是敌人每场战斗都被打败，那他们就会投降。
(4)作让步状语
Grantingthistobetrue,wecannotexplainit.虽然我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。
Whileadmittingthathereceivedthestolenjewellery,hedeniedhavingtakenpartintherobbery.尽管承认收受了盗窃的珠宝，但他否认参与了抢劫案。
(5)作方式状语
Yougavemesuchafrightcreepinguponmelikethat!你那样不声不响地过来，吓了我一跳。
Yougaveme(quite)afrightsuddenlycominginherelikethat.你那样突然走到这里，真吓了我一大跳。
Myflightwasdelayed,soIkilledtime/killedtwohoursreadingabook.我那趟班机误点了，我只好看书消磨时间[打发了两小时]。
(6)作伴随状语
Thelittleboywentupstairstrailinghisteddybearbehindhim.那小男孩儿走上楼去，还拖着他的玩具熊。
Hehasbeencourtingthedirector,hopingtogettheleadingroleintheplay.他一直在讨好导演，想在剧中扮演主角。
ShetravelledwidelythroughoutNorthAmericalecturingonwomen'srights.她在北美就妇女权利问题作巡回演讲。
(7)作目的状语
现在分词用作目的状语的用法非常有限，主要见于那些表示人们所从事的活动方面的动词，如boating,climbing,fishing,hunting,riding,sailing,shopping,shooting,skating,skiing,swimming,walking,washing等。用例如下：
AtonetimeIusedtogoskiingeverywinter.我有一度每到冬季就去滑雪。
We'llgoswimmingifwegetwarnenoughweather.如果天气够暖和的话，我们就去游泳。
I'mnotsacrificingmydayoffjusttogoshoppingwithJane.我可不愿牺牲一天的休假日单单陪简去买东西。
(8)作程度状语
现在分词作程度状语的用法也很有限，主要见于以下表达，其中的现在分词相当于程度副词，表示类似very的意义，主要用于加强语气：
boiling(煮熟似的)hotburning(火烧似的)hot
freezing(结冰似的)coldperishing(毁灭地)cold
shocking(严重地)badsoaking(湿透地)wet
sopping(湿淋淋地)wettearing(心碎地，激烈地)angry
thundering(惊愕地)big
Hewascaughtintheheavyrainandgothisclothessoakingwet.他淋了一场大雨，把衣服全部弄湿了。
Heworehisthincoatinfreezingcolddaysandfellillsoon.他在冰冷的天还穿着单薄的大衣，不久就病倒了。
(9)作结果状语
Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。
Ifell,strikingmyheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.我摔了个跟头，头撞在了门上，划了个口子。
Hefelldownthestairs,landinginaheapatthebottom.他从楼梯上摔下来，直跌到楼梯底部滚成一团。
AnActwaspassedgivingthearmyextraordinarypowers.这项法案的通过赋予军队特别的权力。
分词作状语用法总结
现在分词作状语语法总结
☆一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
下面是分类总结
▲现在分词作时间状语：
﹡Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.
﹡Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.
=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.
﹡(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.
= When he heard the news, he got frightened.
﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.
﹡Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.
﹡Having received his letter, I decided to write back.
▲现在分词作原因状语：
Being a teacher，you should help your students in every way.
Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.
Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.
Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.
▲现在分词作结果状语：
﹡There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.
making it difficult to travel from place to place 是结果状语。
现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性(自然结果)。(making 可以改为 which makes，相当于一个前因后果的非限制性定语从句。)
﹡He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.
他每天回来得很晚，这是他的妻子很生气。
=He comes home late every evening, which makes his wife very angry.
=He comes home late every evening, and it makes his wife very angry.
﹡Mary failed all her exams, making both her parents very angry.
玛丽未能通过一门考试，这是她父母非常生气。
﹡European football is played in more than80countries,making it one of the most popular games in the world.
﹡The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
﹡Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.
﹡Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
﹡She threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
﹡The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song
﹡The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.
现在分词短语作状语补充说明
分词短语在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。与时间状语一样，也要注意分词所表示的动作与谓语动作的先后关系。当分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般形式。此时分词的逻辑主语须是句中的主语。
扩展资料
当分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语的作用相当于一个原因状语从句。该从句的谓语动词须用完成时。如：
Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
= Because we have lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. 因为与那个女孩一起生活了五年，我们都非常了解她。
现在分词短语在句中可以作条件状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。
Working hard, you'll succeed. = If you work hard, you'll succeed. 如果你努力工作，你会成功的`。
Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.
= If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. 如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。
分词短语在句中作让步状语：
分词短语在句中作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even if, even though。
现在分词短语作让步状语，分词的逻辑主语是句中的主语，变成状语从句时，需用主动语态。
Weighing almost one hundred jin the stone was moved by him alone.
= Although the stone weighted almost one hundred jin, it was moved by him alone. 虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，他一个人就把它挪动了。
分词短语在句中作结果状语：
现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，它的逻辑主语便是句中的主语，该短语相当于一个结果状语从句，且用主动语态。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。
Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
= Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay. 他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。
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