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too...to的用法举例
too...to句型的用法 通常可译为"太……而不能……"、"太……无法……"。1、句型I：too＋adj./adv.＋to do 这个句型是too...to的最基本的常用句型。too＋形容词或副词，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。例如： The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。 The hat is too large to wear.这帽子太大，没法戴。 He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。 I'm too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。 2、句型II：too...to＋to be
V-ed这是"too...to"结构中不定式为被动式时的变体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在涵义上却是被动的。例如： The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。 The molecules are much too small to see/to be seen.分子太小，看不见。 The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。 3、句型III：too＋adj./adv.＋forsb./ sth.to do /be V-ed在"too...to"结构中加上一个for
sb./sth.,以提示动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以起到一定的限制作用，即限制不定式所表示的动作行为只是就它的逻辑主语而言的，对于其他人或物则不一定是这样，这就使句子意思更具体、明白。例如： English is too difficult for me to learn
well.英语太难，我学不好。(具体指出谁学不好，只是我学不好，可能别人学得好。) This question is too difficult for me to answer.这是一个我不能回答的难题。 4、使用这个句型要注意以下几点： (1) 如果用介词for引出to＋动词的逻辑主语，而且该逻辑主语又是to＋动词动作的执行者，to do就要用主动式。如果该主语是to＋动词动作的承受者，则须用被动形式。它不像句型II中的不定式既可用主动式，又可用被动式来表示一个主语承受的动作。 (2) 在这个句型中，句子主语和不定式的宾语是指同一个事物，则宾语不能重复，必须省掉，有时甚至其后的to do也可以省去。请试译： 这个箱子太重，我搬不动。
误：This box is too heavy for me to carry it.
正：This box is too heavy for me to carry. 这辆小汽车太贵，他买不起。
误：The car is too expensive for him to buy it.
正：The car is too expensive for him(to buy). (3) 带for sb./sth.的"too...to"结构应是以物为主语，for sb./sth.可以省略，并不会影响句子否定意义的表达。如果原句以人作主语，一般来说就没有必要加不定式的逻辑主语了。例如： It's too late for us to catch the early bus.太晚了，我们赶不上那趟早班公共汽车了。
The teacher spoke too fast for us to follow.老师讲话太快，我们听不清楚。 5、句型IV.too＋adj.＋a(an)＋n.＋to V./to be V-ed.
这个句型在too＋adj.后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放置于形容词后。与此同时，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词"a"。当句子主语能发出该不定式的动作时，可以用to＋V.的主动式，当主语是该不定式动作的承受者时，则用to be＋V-ed的被动式。例如： He's too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.(＝As an artist he's too experienced to mind what the critics say.)他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。 He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不至于为批评家们的议论而担忧。 必须特别指出的是，并不是所有"too...to"结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，"too...to"结构可以表示肯定意义： (1) "too...to"结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作"非常……"、"十分……"、"实在……"、"真是太……"等。例如： I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。 We are only too happy to live in China.生活在中国，我们太幸福了。 They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.他们很乐意地去做这项工作。 You're never too old to enjoy a Christmas stocking.你绝对不会老得不能获得圣诞长袜带来的快乐。 English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不难学。 (2) "too...to"结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready, apt, eager, satisfied, inclined, kind,willing,easy,anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。例如： Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。 The old woman is too apt to forget.这位老太太太健忘了。 We are too willing to be scientists.我们太想当科学家了。 He is too inclined to be cheated.他很容易上当受骗。 He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想干这件工作。 She is too hard to deal with.她极难相处。 I am too eager to have a world travel.我很想有一次环球旅行。 It's too kind of you to tell me that.(＝You are very kind to tell me that.)你告诉我那件事真是太好了。 (3) 在"too...to"结构中，不定式为否定式时，是构成的双重否定，其意为"非常(很，太，那么)……不会不(必定能，所以能)……"，也不表示否定意义。例如： He is too kind not to help you.他很善良，不会不帮助你。 The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心，完全能干好那件事。 (4) 除了上述情况外，还有一种"too...to"结构在翻译上也有它的特殊之处。请试译： The question is too easy(simple)to answer.
误：这个问题太容易(简单)了，回答不了。
正：这个问题太容易(简单)了，不值得回答。 这里按"too...to"结构表示否定意义来译，显然不妥。这里too也是"过于"、"太"的意思，但这个句子可以表达一种特殊的意义，即"太……，不值得……"。再比较： The question is too complicated(difficult)to answer.这个问题太复杂(难)了，不好回答。
The question is simple enough to answer.这个问题很简单，容易回答。 又如： The room is too big to hold only afew people.容纳这么几个人，这个房间显然太大了。(意即：容纳这么几个人，不值得用这么大的房间。) 比较：
This room is too small to hold so many people.这个房间太小了，容纳不了这么多人。
This room is big enough to hold so many people.这个房间足够容纳这么多人。 They got there too early to catch the bus.赶公共汽车，他们到那儿有点太早了。(意即：不必去得那么早。) 比较：
They got there too late to catch the bus.他们去得太晚了，没有赶上公共汽车。
They got there early enough to catch the bus.他们早早到了那里，完全可以赶上公共汽车。
英语to和the的用法
一：表示相对，针对
This injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to
compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to
throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress
6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to
party,
guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.
People often linked walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in
to,confess to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.
五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his original views.
七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
九: 表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十: 表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.
十二: 表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六: 表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute.
十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to
十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to
According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to heir economic importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
动词前面什么时候加to什么时候不加to
1．to 一般是动词不定式符号．动词不定式即一个动词后还要跟一个动词，这时就要使用to了．如：Iwant to go to shool我想去上学．
2．to作副词．短语：to and fro往复的．
3．to作介词．①向；往；朝．如:She threwthe ball to me.他把球扔给我
②短语：to yourself为自己
③to the left\right在左面；在右面
有others’这样的用法吗
To 用法
1.向；至；往：She's going to London.她要去伦敦。Turn to the left.向左转。Pisa is to the west of Florence. 比萨在佛罗伦萨的西面。He has gone to school.他上学去了。
2.（用于表示一系列事物或一段时间的尽头或限度） 直到：from Monday to Friday从星期一到星期五 from beginning to end 从开始到结束。
3.用于表示接受者：Give that to me.把那个给我。I am very grateful to my parents.我很感激我的父母。What have you done to your hair?你把头发怎么搞的？Sorry I didn't realize you were talking to me.对不起，我不知道你是在跟我说话。
4接触到；针对：He put his hands to his ears.他将两手捂住耳朵。They sat back to back.他们背对背坐着。She made no reference to her personal problems.他没有提及自己的个人问题。
5.达到某种状态：The meat was cooked to perfection.这肉煮得恰到好处。His speech reduced her to tears(=make her cry).他的话令她流泪。
6.（用于引出比较中的另一部分）：I prefer theatre to opera.我喜欢戏剧，甚于歌剧。
7.（用于表示数量每```等于：How many dollars are there to the euro?多少美元等于一欧元？
8.（用于表示时间）在```之前：It's ten to three.(=ten minutes before three o'clock).现在是三点差十分。
9.（用于表达对某物的看法或感受）：To me,it was the wrong decision.我认为那是错误的决定。It sounded liked a good idea to me.我觉得这听起来是个好主意。I don't think our friendship means anything to him.我认为我们的友谊对他说毫不重要。
10.（用于表达某人对某事的反应或态度）：To my surprise,I saw two strangers coming out of my house.我看见两个陌生人从我家里走出来，吃了一惊。His paintings aren't really to my taste.他的画真的不符合我的口味。
11.（与动词连用，构成不定式。）：I want to go home now.我现在想回家。Don't forget to write.别忘记写信来。I didin't know what to do.我当时不知道该怎么办。
12.（指门）关上Push the door to.把门推一推关上。
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