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虚拟语气如何使用
虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测,建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 接下来,我给大家准备了虚拟语气的使用要点,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
虚拟语气的使用要点
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。 If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰见了李华,我就告诉他了。 If I had time. I could come to help you. 如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的。 He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。 He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
虚拟语气的用法
1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快! You go out! 你出去!
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose1,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气,宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求。
I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边。
I wish I could help him. 我希望我能帮助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means2. 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中,"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用: should + 动词原形。
It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。
虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的从句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时,动词有三种时态形式,即现在、过去和将来。
A.与现在事实相反的: If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。
B.与过去事实相反的: If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。
If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我是你,我就买了它。
If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有时间,我会学习法语的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一点起床,就会赶上火车的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping. 如果明天天气好,我就去买东西。
有关虚拟语气的几个问题
1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if,而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。
Were she younger, she would do it . 如果她年青点, 她就会干的。
Had he known3 her address, he would had gone to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址,他会去看她的。
2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。
I could help you. 我本来可以帮助你。
If I had time. 我要有时间该多好啊!
She should have come to the party. 她应该来参加聚会。
If he had much more money. 如果他有更多的钱就能...。
3) 虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在干的就会容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this. 如果他不听取我的建议,他就不会干得这样好。
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if虚拟语气的用法归纳
would、should、could和might是高中的时候学习的重点知识,would、should、could和might这个知识点被称为虚拟语气,是一个语法的难点,有很多的同学都分不清楚!
首先我们来了解一下这四个单词的意思:
would、将要 (语气是一种客观,陈述性的)
should、需要(语气 强,主动)
could 可能,可以 (强、主动)
might 可能、或许(弱,猜测)
再来看看有哪些区别:
would : 1. 表will的过去,用于过去将来时 2. 表"意愿",乐意做某事3. 虚拟语气
could: 1. 表can的过去,表过去的能力2 .表请求(婉转语气)3. 表猜测:可能是...4. 虚拟语气
should: 1. 表shall的过去,用于过去将来时,搭配第一人称2. 表婉转的语气: 应该做...3. 虚拟语气
might: 1. may的过去,表猜测:可能是2. 表许可(婉转语气)
对于过去的虚拟语气该怎么用
虚拟语气
主要从大的来说可以分为三类.
1.表示与现在事实相反的,非真实条件句用(动词的过去时BE的过去时WERE),主句(would ,should ,could ,might)+动词原形
例句,If I WERE you ,I WOULD consider their plan.
2.表示和过去事实相反,非真实条件句(had +动词过去分词),主句(would ,should ,might ,could +have +done )也就是主句现在完成时,从句过去完成时.
例句,If I HAD SEEN you yesterday ,I WOULD HAVE ASKED you about it .
3.表示和将来事实相反的,非真实条件句(should +动词原形/were to 动词原形/动词过去时),主句(should ,could ,might ,would +动词原形)
例句,If it SHOULD rain ,the corps WOULD be saved.
还有几类也应该注意的,也是比较常考的.
if only ,would rather ,had rather ,it's (high)time ,as if /as though 这五类,主句如果是一般时,从句用did,主句为过去时是,从句had done ,主句为将来时,从句would do .从句中主要是动词变化.
系动词were ,住动词had ,should等词,可以把were ,should,had 放句首,这时可以省略if.
eg.were I you ,I would get up early .
还有一些动词.suggest ,demand ,order insist ,request ,desire ,propose ,等词修饰的时候,谓语动词用should +动词原形.
eg,I suggested that we should form a spare time study group.
这中情况,it'snecessary ,important ,strange ,suggested ,ordered ,proposed ,request,decided ,a pity.+主语从句,谓语动词要用,should +do /should +have done
如何理解虚拟语气时态倒退
我们用虚拟语气来明确地告诉别人:“我说的话只是我个人的一厢情愿,实际情况并不是这样的。”
要理解虚拟语气,得先了解在什么情况下应该使用虚拟语气:
什么时候使用虚拟语气?简单来说,虚拟语气就是要表现出一句话是假想还是现实。所谓假想就是与实际情况相反或是不太可能实现,而现实就是与实际情况无冲突。
陈述语气
表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。如:
Iraq is an Asian country.
伊拉克是亚洲国家。(肯定句)
The US and British armies did not start the Second Gulf War until March 20,2003.
美英联军直到2003年3月20日才发动第二次海湾战争。(否定句)
Who was it that they want to help?
他们想要帮忙的人到底是谁呀?(疑问句)
How interesting my stay in China has been!
我在中国的日子过的真有趣!(感叹句)
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