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定语从句解题三步法
1、识别定语从句
首先，我们需要知道什么样的从句是定语从句。定语从句指的是用一个句子来充当定语，修饰限定一个名词或代词；一般来说，定语从句紧跟在被修饰的词之后，但有时也可能被其他成分把它与被修饰词隔开。
2、选准关系代词和关系副词
在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果这个从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词；如果从句中缺少状语，就需要用关系副词来连接。举个例子：
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _____the weather may be better.
这个句子的意思是“我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好”。同学们看这个从句修饰先行词next week，并且从句主语、宾语、表语都有，就是缺少时间状语，所以要填入when。
3、找准先行词
一般来说，先行词在定语从句之前，但有的时候会被插入语、副词或副词短语、谓语动词、非谓语动词等隔开。遇到这种情况，同学们可以根据题干中提供的信息，根据语境来找先行词。举个例子看：
Ellen was a painter of birds and nature, ____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
这个句子的意思是“艾伦是鸟类和自然风景画家，但是由于某种原因，悄然隐居，退出了所有的人类社会活动”。 根据句子的意思，先行词应该是painter，而不是nature，所以，要填入who。
4、还原法
同学们先来看一个句子，我们用下面这个句子来教大家怎样使用还原法。
The house I grew up ____has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
根据句意“我以前在此长大的房子被推倒了，被一座办公大楼所代替”， 我们先把这个定语从句还原为“in which I grew up或者which I grew up in ”这时，我们不难发现正确答案为in which。
5、分析句子结构
同学们在做题的时候，要分析前后两个句子是主从关系，还是并列关系，因为关系不同，结构就不同，答案也就不一样。例如：
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ____ uses it differently.
这句话的意思是“英语是一个被很多不同文化共同使用的语言，每一种语言使用英语的方法都是不一样的”。 先行词是several diverse cultures, 在定语从句里使用which指代先行词，作为介词of的宾语,正确答案为each of which。如果在这两个句子之间有and，and要连接两个分句，就变成了each of them，这个时候就不能使用定语从句了。
怎么做定语从句的题
定语从句的做题方法:
1. 确定
. 判定是人还是物, 即有人又有物用that.
2. 看定语从句缺少什么成分. 缺少主,宾,定语用
; 缺少状语,用
.
3. who/ which /that 在定语从句中作主语时，
的单复数要和
保持一致。
4. 定语从句一般放在所修饰的
后面. I am interested in everything (that) he told you
.
5.
中只用which, who, whom不用that. ( Beijing, which is the capital of China, is very clean and beautiful. )
先行词为人时: 定语从句缺少主语时用who, that; 缺少宾语时用whom, who, that且可以省略; 缺少定语时用whose.
先行词为物时: 定语从句缺少主语时用which, that; 缺少宾语时用which, that且可以省略; 缺少定语时用whose. 缺少状语时用when, where, why.
先行词为人+ 介词+ whom 先行词为物+ 介词+ which
有些情况下，只宜用 that,不宜用which.
1.先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级时。 This is the best beer that I have ever drunk. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.
2先行词是
，或它前面有一个
时。 He is the last person that I want to see. It is the first time that I’ve ever been here.
定语从句做题技巧与方法
关于定语从句做题步骤
一、选准关系代词和关系副词
在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。例如：
(1) I still remember the days which / that we spent together.
(2) I still remember the days when we worked together.
二、了解仅用that 引导限制性定语从句的几种情况
that 在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物。在下列情况下，只能用that 来引导定语从句：
1. 先行词是all , much, few, little, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时。例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy?
2. 先行词被all, few, little, much, every, some, no等词修饰或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定词修饰时。例如：
These are all the pictures that I have seen.
This is the very dictionary that is ofgreathelp.
3. 先行词既指人又指物时。例如：
My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.
4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。例如：
Our school is not the one that it used to be.
5. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：
This is the best English film that I have ever seen.
The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities.
6. 主句是who 或which 引导的特殊问句时。例如：
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?
三、把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用
介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。例如：
That's the reason for which he was late for school.
This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.
注意：
1. 定语从句中谓语动词是含有介词的动词短语时，介词应放在动词之后，不能拆开放在关系代词前。例如：
This is the key which you are looking for.
This is the baby whom you will look after.
2. 该结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which.
四、弄清as 和which 引导的非限制性定语从句指代整体时的区别
1
位置上的区别：
as 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，还可插在主句的中间；而which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：
As is known to us all, the earth turns around the sun.
The earth, as is known to us all, turns around the sun.
The earth turns around the sun, as is known to us all.
The earth turns around the sun, which our parents once told us when we were very young.
2
词义与联系上的区别：
as 引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间有着较为密切的上下文联系，as 本身含有“正如”之意；而which 引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间在逻辑意义上近似并列句，which 本身表示“这”或“这一点”之意。例如：
Light travels faster than sound, as we all know.
Jack came late for school, which made his teacher angry.
五、注意定语从句的主谓一致性
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。例如：
Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA.
Tom is the only one of the boys who is from the USA.
六、保持主句的`完整性并避免从句成分的重叠
1. 在定语从句中，不管出现任何情况，主句的结构必须完整，即主句必须有主语和谓语，缺一不可，否则，整个主从复合句就无法成立。试比较：
(1)Is this factory _______ we visited last week?
(2)Is this the factory _______ we visited last week?
A. which B. where C. what D. the one
分析：
第一题缺少表语，只有填D项才能保持主句的完整性，而其他的选项均为干扰项。
第二题主句本身完整，应填的关系代词在从句中作visited 的宾语，故应选A项。
2. 从定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词已经代替先行词独立地或与相应的介词一起在定语从句中充当了一定的成分，因此在定语从句中就不能再出现与关系代(副)词重叠的成分。例如：
错句：Is this the train that they took it last Sunday?
分析：该题中that 已经代替先行词the train 在定语从句中充当及物动词took 的宾语，故重叠出现的宾语it必须删去。
总之，突破了以上六道难关，定语从句中的难题便会迎刃而解。
定语从句的用法及例句
定语从句: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语,所以叫作定语从句.
先行词： 定语从句所修饰的名词或代词.
关系词： 引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,).
复合句 ： The man who (that) came is Mike.
先行词 关系代词
Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class.
先行词 关系代词
上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句,蓝体字为定语从句.
一 定语从句的关系代词 Which的用法: 若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.
This is the pen which was given by my friend.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
This is the pen which my friend gave to me.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
二 定语从句的关系代词 Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)
The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
She is the girl with whom I went there.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.
三 定语从句的关系代词 Whom的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom
This is the teacher whom\who we like best.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
She is the girl whom\ who I went with there.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.
I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.
四 定语从句的关系代词 that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语
The animal that \which is lost is a panda.
先行词 指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语
She is the person that \who we are worried about.
先行词 指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语
注意1 that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which ,不用that
(1) 关系代词前有介词时.
This is the hotel in which you will stay.
(2) 如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新开放) to us.
注意2that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that ,不用which.
(1) 先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时
This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.
English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.
(2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时
He is the last person that I want to see.
(3) 主句中已有疑问词时
Which is the bike that you lost?
(4) 先行词既有人又有物时
The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.
(5) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代词时
You should hand in all that you have.
We haven’t got much that we can offer you.
I mean the one that you talked about just now.
(6) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class.
Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.
(7) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用that
Edison built up a factory(办了一个工厂) which produced things that had never been seen before.
定语从句的关系副词 Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.
This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there)
介词短语 副词
=This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.
先行词 关系副词
in which I was born.
介词+关系代词
which I was born in.
关系代词
这里作介宾的which和that可以省略
that I was born in
关系代词.
练习：用which ,where填空
1 This is the factory where they want to visit.
2 My sister works in a bookshop in which we can read many kinds of books
3 Have you visited the city where the famous scientist was born?
4 Is this the museum which they visited last month?
5 He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.
6 The pencil with _which_______ he wrote was broken.
7 Is this the shop _which____ sells children’s clothing?
8 I still remember the sitting-room _where____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
9 Don’t go in, this is the shop _which____ we have just been to.
10 Please show me the book _which____ you bought yesterday _____.
二 定语从句的关系副词 When的用法: 若先行词指时间且其在定语从句
中充当时间状语.
He came at a time +we needed help at a time.
介词短语
=He came at a time when we needed help
关系副词
at which we needed help
介词+关系代词
which we needed help at
关系代词 这里的作介宾的which 和that可以省略
that we needed help at
三 关系副词why的用法：在定语从句中只要先行词是the reason,它的关系副词就是why.
如：The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to the party.
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