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with虚拟语气的用法总结
以下是我为大家 总结 的虚拟语气的用法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握英语中虚拟语气的用法,提高英语水平。
一、虚拟语气的使用范围:
虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句中,也可用于主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等。
二、虚拟语气的判断:
1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的 句子 为真实条件句,反之为非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种:
(1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如:
If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨,我们就能玩 网球 了。
(2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用过去式,系动词用were,主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如:
If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你,我就娶她为妻。
(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”,主句用“should
(would, could, might) + 动词原形”。 例如:
If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会,你会难过的。
2 . 宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法。
(1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气:根据从句的意义来判断。
A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如:
I wish they were not so late. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。
B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。例如:
I wished he hadn't done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。
(2) 表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。用于此结构的动词有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。从句的谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,其中should 可以省去。例如:
I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我坚持让他和我们一起去。
注意:当insist 表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,显示”时,不用虚拟语气。例如:
He insisted that she was honest. 他坚持认为她是诚实的。
3. 主语从句中的虚拟语气用法。
(1) It be + 形容词 + that... (should)...。用于该句型的形容词有:necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising等。例如:
It's natural that he should feel hurt. 他感到疼是很正常的。
(2) It be + 过去分词 + that... (should)...。用于该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词。如: desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed等。例如:
It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month. 真希望这所房子在下个月前就能竣工。
(3) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (过去时或should + 动词原形)...。例如:
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home. 我该回家了。
(4) 表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气。在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具体内容解释的名词后要使用虚拟语气,其谓语动词为:should + 动词原形,连接从句的that不能省略。例如:
My suggestion is that we should go there at once. 我的建议是我们应该马上去那儿。
4. 省略形式。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去,而将had, should, were 等词提到主语之前,即用倒装结构。这时,如果出现not等否定词时需放在主语后面。例如:
If she had been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. → Had she been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. 如果她早到五分钟,她就会看见她的老朋友了。
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虚拟语气的用法总结相关 文章 :
1. mind的用法
2. prefer to do rather than do的正确用法
3. advice的短句及用法归纳
4. 动词insist 的用法归纳
5. 动词be常考知识点
6. advise的用法
7. 英语单词for的用法(2)
8. 情态动词shall和should的用法
什么时候用虚拟语气
1. 带有条件状语从句的主从复合句,如果表示与事实相反或实现的可能性微乎其微,要用谓语动词提前一个时态的虚拟语气。
2. 表示说话人主观意愿的名词从句,如建议、劝告、决心、要求、命令等,要用 “should+动词原形” 或者省略 should 直接用动词原形的虚拟语气。
3. 表示个人愿望时,从句的需要用虚拟语气。
4. 表示祝愿的标语、口号、祈求语、祷告等,谓语动词用动词原形表示虚拟。
什么时候用虚拟语气
虚拟语气
主要从大的来说可以分为三类.
1.表示与现在事实相反的,非真实条件句用(动词的过去时BE的过去时WERE),主句(would ,should ,could ,might)+动词原形
例句,If I WERE you ,I WOULD consider their plan.
2.表示和过去事实相反,非真实条件句(had +动词过去分词),主句(would ,should ,might ,could +have +done )也就是主句现在完成时,从句过去完成时.
例句,If I HAD SEEN you yesterday ,I WOULD HAVE ASKED you about it .
3.表示和将来事实相反的,非真实条件句(should +动词原形/were to 动词原形/动词过去时),主句(should ,could ,might ,would +动词原形)
例句,If it SHOULD rain ,the corps WOULD be saved.
还有几类也应该注意的,也是比较常考的.
if only ,would rather ,had rather ,it's (high)time ,as if /as though 这五类,主句如果是一般时,从句用did,主句为过去时是,从句had done ,主句为将来时,从句would do .从句中主要是动词变化.
系动词were ,住动词had ,should等词,可以把were ,should,had 放句首,这时可以省略if.
eg.were I you ,I would get up early .
还有一些动词.suggest ,demand ,order insist ,request ,desire ,propose ,等词修饰的时候,谓语动词用should +动词原形.
eg,I suggested that we should form a spare time study group.
这中情况,it'snecessary ,important ,strange ,suggested ,ordered ,proposed ,request,decided ,a pity.+主语从句,谓语动词要用,should +do /should +have done
什么时候用虚拟语气
虚拟语气主要从大的来说可以分为三类.1.表示与现在事实相反的,非真实条件句用(动词的过去时BE的过去时WERE),主句(would
,should
,could
,might)+动词原形例句,If
I
WERE
you
,I
WOULD
consider
their
plan.2.表示和过去事实相反,非真实条件句(had
+动词过去分词),主句(would
,should
,might
,could
+have
+done
)也就是主句现在完成时,从句过去完成时.例句,If
I
HAD
SEEN
you
yesterday
,I
WOULD
HAVE
ASKED
you
about
it
.3.表示和将来事实相反的,非真实条件句(should
+动词原形/were
to
动词原形/动词过去时),主句(should
,could
,might
,would
+动词原形)例句,If
it
SHOULD
rain
,the
corps
WOULD
be
saved.还有几类也应该注意的,也是比较常考的.if
only
,would
rather
,had
rather
,it's
(high)time
,as
if
/as
though
这五类,主句如果是一般时,从句用did,主句为过去时是,从句had
done
,主句为将来时,从句would
do
.从句中主要是动词变化.系动词were
,住动词had
,should等词,可以把were
,should,had
放句首,这时可以省略if.eg.were
I
you
,I
would
get
up
early
.还有一些动词.suggest
,demand
,order
insist
,request
,desire
,propose
,等词修饰的时候,谓语动词用should
+动词原形.eg,I
suggested
that
we
should
form
a
spare
time
study
group.这中情况,it'snecessary
,important
,strange
,suggested
,ordered
,proposed
,request,decided
,a
pity.+主语从句,谓语动词要用,should
+do
/should
+have
done
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