本文目录
英语中的n.v.adj.adv.分别代表什么?
虚拟语气用来表示假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设并非事实，或难以实现的，甚至表达相反的概念。另外表示主观愿望或表达某种强烈的感情时，也用虚拟语气。
在英语中名词用哪个字母标记
这两种表达都可以。
用虚拟语气，则表示 自己知道 这个 假设 是虚拟的，后面做的事 也是虚拟的，没真实发生。
不用虚拟语气，则不涉及 这个 条件 能不能 成立。只是简单地 “如果...则...否则...”。
这两句里，我觉得不用虚拟的表达 比 用虚拟的 好。
英语中的虚拟语气
耐心地把这看完，你会对虚拟语气有个透彻的了解。
第一部分：语气的定义和种类
1 语气(mood)
语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2 语气的种类
⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：
①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？
③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！
⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：
①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed!祝您成功！
虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。
第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气
一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如：
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用动词原形。例如：
(1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！
(2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”
(3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！
三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”）
(1).God save me．
(2).Heaven help us．
四、表命令
1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！
3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些习惯表达中。如：
(1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。
(2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。
第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气
一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：
从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例：
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)
现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)
二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例：
1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)
例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案
三）、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：
从句动词"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)
四）、注意：
1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如：
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
二、在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order
表示“主张”的：maintain, urge
表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist
例如：
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job. ”(当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English�speaking country. (我们建议学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。)
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟语气很普遍，其结构如：
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +... (should) do
6.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
7.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
但注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气.
8.she insists that she is right.
9.she insisted that I should finish the work at once.
或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
10.The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
判断改错:
(错)11. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(对)12. Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(错)13. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
(对)14. I insisted that you were wrong.
例题分析：15.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o'clock at night.
A. were not played B. not be played
C. not to play D. did not play
全句意思是：“旅馆管理部门恳请客人晚上11点后不要打开收音机”。句中的谓语动词request（请求）所引出的从句应当用虚拟语气，即动词原形或“should＋动词原形”。本句的主语从句中，主语radio是谓语动词play 的客体，谓语应当用被动语态。所以，答案是C) not be played。在上述这类句子中不能用动词过去时形式表示虚拟语气，所以A)不正确。选项B) not to play是动词带to的不定式，不能在句中作谓语。选项D)did not play也是动词play的过去时形式，同样不能在本句中作为虚拟语气来使用。而且，它是主动语态形式，而本题要用被动语态。
练习：
16). The chairman requested that .
〔A〕the members studied more carefully the problem
〔B〕the problem was more carefulnessly studied
〔C〕with more carefulness the problem could be studied
〔D〕the members study the problem more carefully
17). The committee recommends that the matter at the next meeting .
〔A〕would be discussed
〔B〕will be discussed
〔C〕be discussed
〔D〕may be discussed
18). The doctor insisted that his patient .
〔A〕that he not work too hard for three months
〔B〕take it easy for three months
〔C〕taking it easy inside of three months
〔D〕to take some vacations for three months
三、在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。
I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier.
我们从来没想到他是个如此勇敢的小战士。
练习：
1) that the time will soon be ripe for intervention in Iran，they would be faced by a large army?
〔A〕It is believed
〔B〕Should they believe
〔C〕They would believe
〔D〕If they would believe
2) I think it advisable that he for Tokyo soon.
〔A〕will leave
〔B〕may leave
〔C〕leave
〔D〕leaves
四、would rather ， would sooner，had rather， would (just) as soon ，would prefer之后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
would rather , would sooner, had rather, would (just) as soon，would prefer（希望）也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示”宁愿做什么”或"对过去做的事的懊悔"。
(1).I would rather he came tomorrow than today.
(2).John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.
(3).Don' t live in the world, I would rather( I would just as soon) you die.
(4).I would rather you go tomorrow.
(5).I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.
(6).The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office．经理宁愿她女儿不与他在同一间办公室工作。
(7).To be frank，I'd rather you were not involved in the case．坦率地说，我希望你不要卷入这件事。
(8).You don't have to be in such a hurry．I would rather you went on business first．你没有必要这么着急，我宁愿你先去上班。
(9).I'd rather you didn't make any comment on the issue for the time being．我倒希望你暂时先不要就此事发表意见。
(10).Frankly speaking ，I'd rather you didn't do anything about it for the time being．坦白地说，我宁愿你现在对此事什么也不要做。
(11).Wouldn't you rather your child went to bed early？为什么你不愿让你的孩子早点上床呢？
(12).I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday．我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
注：①若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原形
I would rather stay at home today．
②would rather．．．than．．．中用动词原形
I would rather stay at home than go out today．
五、“had hoped”后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
用“had hoped”表示原来希望做到而实际上未能实现的事情，其宾语从句的谓语用“would+动词原形”。
I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.我原本希望她到美国去念书，但她说她喜欢留在中国。
第二节：主语从句中的虚拟语气
一、“It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that……”结构中的虚拟语气
在形如“It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that……”结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should）
常用的形容词：* natural (自然的), appropriate (适当的),advisable (合适的), preferable (更可取的), better (更好的)* necessary (必须的), important (重要的), imperative (急需的), urgent (急迫的), essential (本质的), vital (必不可少的)* probable (很可能的), possible (可能的)* desirable (极好的)advisable（合理的），compulsory（必须的），crucial（紧急的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），incredible（惊人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（紧迫的）。
常用的过去分词(Past Participle):* required (需要的), demanded (要求), requested (被请求的), desired (要求)* suggested (建议), recommended (推荐)* orderd (命令)
1. It is necessary that we (should 可省略,下同）have a walk now.(necessary, should + have) (表示有需要去散步)
2.It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.(necessary, should + make) (表示有必要事先做好准备)
3. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.(required, should + smoke) (表示要求不要在此抽烟)
4. It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand therule of school.(important, should + be) (表示重要的是学生都能了解校规)
5. It's important that we (should) take good care of the patient.(important, should + take) (表示重要的是照顾好病人)
6. It is natural that she should do so. (形容词natural, should+动词原形do)
7.It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible．这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。
8.It is vital that enough money be collected to fund the project．重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。
9.It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening．希望我们今晚一切都准备就绪。
注：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。
10.I don't think it advisable that Tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience．汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的。
二、在It is ＋名词＋that…的主语从句中的虚拟语气
在It is ＋名词＋that的主语从句中，常用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等。这类名词
有：advice ，decision ，desire ，demand ，idea，motion ，order，pity ，preference ，proposal，recommendation ，
requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。
⑴、It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad．我建议派他去国外进一步学习。
第三节：虚拟语气用在表语从句或同位语从句中
当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有：
demand (要求), desire (请求),requirment (要求)
advice (劝告), recommendation (建议),suggestion (建议)
order (命令)
necessity (必要地), preference (优先)
proposal (计划), plan (计划), idea (办法)，
recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。
We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put off．我们都赞成你提出的将讨论延期的建议。
The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by
everyone．由市长颁发奖金的建议被每个人接受。
⑴、 The advice is that we (should 可省略，下同) leave at once.
(名词advice，should + leave) (表示加以劝告)
⑵、 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the
conference.
(idea, should + get) (表示做出主意)
⑶、 I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
(proposal, should + hold) (表示做出计划)
⑷、 The judge assented to the suggestion that .
〔A〕both of the criminals will soon be set freedom
〔B〕some of the criminals there are of guilt only
〔C〕the girl was to be paroled in the custody of a welfare society
〔D〕the prisoner be sentenced to death
英语当中虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气的用法
一、虚拟语气条件从句
（一）与现在事实不相符合，主句动词would / should+动词原形，从句动词一般过去时（be可采用were形式），如：
1. If I were you, I would phone the police. 如果我是你，我会打电话给警察的。
2. Would he pay all of us if he had the money? 他有钱了会给我们吗？
3. If it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话，我们就不会待在屋里。
（二）与过去事实不相符合，主句动词would / should have+过去分词，从句动词为过去完成时，如：
1. I would have died if they had given up searching. 如果他们放弃搜索，我会没命的。
2. If we had left a little later, we should have missed the train. 我们再晚点儿就赶不上火车了。
3. The shot would have killed me if I hadn’t had my mobile phone. 若不是有了移动电话，那颗子弹可能就击中了我。
4. If a better material had been used, the strength of the part would have been increased. 如果用了更好的材料，这个部分的力量就增加了。
5. Had the weather been good, the children could have gone out for a walk. 假如天气很好，孩子们都会出去散步。 （省略连接词if，从句使用部分倒装语序。）
（三）与将来事实不相符合，主句动词would / should + 动词原形，从句动词should + v，或者动词过去式，或者were to + v，如：
1. If it were fine tomorrow, I should go to see my sister. 明天天好我就去看姐姐。
2. If he should go there tomorrow, she would meet him. 假如他明天去那里，她就会见到他。
3. If it were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing. 如果明天下雪，我就去滑雪。
4. If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way. 要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。
（四）主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反，主句谓语would / should + v, 从句谓语had + 过去分词；主句与将来事实相反，从句与过去事实相反，主句谓语would / should / were to do, 从句谓语had + 过去分词。如：
1. If you had taken the medicine last night, you would be much better now. 假如你昨晚吃药，现在就会好得多。
2. I wouldn’t have missed the flight last night if I were you. 如果我是你，就不会错过那航班。
3. If you had had the car repaired yesterday, we were to go there this afternoon. 如果你昨天修理一下车，我们今天下午就会到达那里。
4. They would be back home tomorrow evening if they had booked the tickets in advance. 如果他们提前订了车票，明晚就回到家。
（五）As if，as though，even if虚拟语气：
1. He looked as if he were an artist. 他看起来像一个艺术家。
2. He speaks English as if he had studied it in England. 他说起英语来就好像在英国学过一样。
3. Even if he were there，he could not solve the problem. 即使他在那里，也不能解决这个问题。
4. He talks as though he knew who she was. 他说气话来好像认识她一样。
（六）用于if only引导的感叹句中。例如:
1. If only I had taken his advice！ 要是我听他的话就好了！
2. If only I were ten years younger now. 要是我现在年轻10岁就好了。
3. If only we had passed all the final exams! 要是我们期末考试都考过了就好了！
（七）一些介词词组或连词构成的句子或其他形式的句子也可以表达虚拟语气。常用的介词或连词有but（除外）, but for(除外，若不是), but that（若不是）, in that case（若那样的话）, or（不然）,without（没有）, otherwise（否则）等，是不是表达虚拟语气则要看句子的内容。如：
1. Without water there would not be life on the earth. 没有水，地球上就不会有生命。
2. But for electricity, there would be no modern industry. 要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。
3. We could have done the work better in that case. 要是那样的话，我们本可以把工作干得更好一些的。
4. But that you helped me a lot, I would have failed in getting good marks in English. 若不是你帮我很大的忙，我不会在英语上取得好成绩。
5. The teacher was lecturing then, otherwise, he would have played basketball with us. 老师当时在讲课，要不然他会更我们一起打篮球的。
6. He went away without a word. 他没说一句话就走掉了。（非虚拟语气）
二、虚拟语气宾语从句
虚拟语气有时也用在一些特殊动词所带的宾语从句中，表示希望、建议、命令、要求等。主句中常用的动词谓语有：insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, ask, demand, require, request, recommend等等，由于表达的建议、命令、要求等事情说话时还没有发生，这时宾语从句中从句的动词往往采用should/would+动词原形的方式，实际运用中往往省略should/would，只用动词原形。wish表达的愿望从句，表现为现在不能实现的愿望、过去不能实现的愿望和将来不能实现的愿望等。would rather(宁愿、但愿)是一种特殊用法。如：
1.The judge insisted that the accused man appear in person. 法官坚持让被告出席。
2. The doctor ordered that Ben stay in bed. 医生命令本卧床休息。
3. He suggested that his son be sent to the countryside. 他建议把儿子送到农村。
4. Our teacher asked that we hand in our homework today. 老师要求我们今天交作业。
5. I wish I knew the professor’s address. 我希望知道那个教授的地址。 （表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句动词用一般过去时态。）
6. I wish I hadn’t spent so much money on lottery. 我真希望自己没在彩票上花那么多钱。 （表示过去没有实现的愿望，从句动词用过去完成时。）
7. Peter wishes that he had studied law instead of literature when he was in college. 彼得希望上大学时学的是法律而不是文学。 （表示过去没有实现的愿望，从句动词用过去完成时。）
8. She wishes she would learn all the English songs within a week. 她希望一周之内学会所有英文歌曲。 (表示将来没有实现的愿望，从句动词用过去将来时。)
9. The board deemed it urgent that these files should be printed right away. 董事会认为，迫在眉睫的是马上把这些档案印出来。
10. I would rather
三、虚拟语气主语从句
在It is (was)important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable, incredible, urgent, possible, essential, natural, preferable, insistent, crucial, better, best, ridiculous, vital) that…能及It is (was) a pity (shame, wonder, must, suggestion, proposal, requirement, request, desire, order, recommendation) that….,It is (was)desired (arranged, decided, ordered, proposed, requested, recommended, suggested, settled) that…等句型的主语从句中，其谓语用“should+动词原形(其中should可以省略)”来构成虚拟语气。
1. It is important that we (should) speak politely. 我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。
2. It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible. 将这些申请表格尽快地反馈回来是很必要的。
3. It was a pity that you（should）be so careless. 你这么粗心大意真遗憾。
4. It’s desired that she come to teach us at least twice a week. 希望她每周至少来教我们两次。
5. It was my proposal that he be sent to further his study abroad. 我建议派他到国外进一步学习。
四、虚拟语气表语从句
作advise，order，suggestion，demand，plan，proposal，request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“（should）+动词原形”。例如:
1. The plan is that another power station（should）be built in our city. 这个计划是在我们城市里再建造另一座发电站。
2. The general’s command was that the soldiers leave their fort and carry out more important task. 将军的命令是，战士撤离堡垒去执行更重要的任务。
3. Her demand is that all of us be present at the meeting. 她要求我们大家都要出席会议。
4. His proposal is that we have our lunch at the canteen. 他提议我们在食堂吃午饭。
五、虚拟语气定语从句
这种从句常用在“It is time that...”句型中，表示“该……”“是……时候了”。从句的谓语动词一般用“过去式或should/ought to+动词原形”的虚拟结构。例如:
1. It is （high） time we should go to bed. 该上床睡觉了。
2. It is time that we left for our hometown. 是我们离开家乡的时候了。
3. Do you think it is time you gave up smoking? 你认为是戒烟的时候了吗？
4. It is high time we had begun to prepare the experiement. 正是我们开始准备试验的时候。
六、虚拟语气同位语从句
使用名词表达愿望、建议、命令、要求等，而其后有从句补充说明愿望、建议、命令、要求等内容，构成虚拟语气同位语从句。如：
1.We all agreed to his suggestion that we（should）leave here at once. 我们都同意他的建议，立马离开这里。
2. We are all for the recommendation that John Strong be promoted to headmaster. 我们都赞同推荐约翰斯特朗为校长。
3. The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation. 工人们提出要求，上调工资以应付通货膨胀。
4. I offered the advice that we hike to the ancient castle the next day. 我建议我们第二天徒步去古城堡。
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。
在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是：
①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。
③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。
主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。
例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out.
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