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倒装句有哪几种类型
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1. “某些副词+不及物动词+主语”的句式,需要全部倒装。常用的副词主要有:here , there , now , then , out , in , down , up , away 等,表示强调。主语是代词时,不必倒装。
Out rushed the boy .
Down came the brown wave .
2. 表示方位的短语放在句首,后面一般使用倒装语序。
West of the lake lies the famous city .
3. There be + 主语+地点。其中动词be也可以是其他词,如lie,stand等。
There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .
There in Greece lived a famous thinker , named Aristotle .
4. 如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,需要完全倒装;主语是代词时,一般不用倒装。
“Let’s go ! ”said the captain .
“Take off your boots !” ordered the guard .
5. 为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时。
They arrived at an old church , in front of which stood a big crowd of people .
6. 用于so开头的句子,表示重复前面相同的内容,意为“也怎么样”。另外,在结果状语从句句型so …that …中,如果强调so…放在句首,主句需要部分倒装。
I often go out for a walk after supper . So does she .
我经常在晚饭后出去散步,她也这样。
So excited was she at the news that she couldn’t say a word .
听到这个消息,她是如此激动,以致于一句话也说不出来。
7. 用于nor , neither 开头的句子,表示重复前面相同的内容,“也不怎么样”。
Li Lei can’t answer the question . Neither can I .
If you don’t wait for him , nor shall I .
8. only放在句首,强调状语(副词,介词短语或状语从句等),全句语序要部分倒装。
Only in this way can we get in touch with them .
Only because he was ill was he absent from school .
注意:only放在句首,强调主语时,语序不必倒装。
Only Mr Wang knows about it .
9. 带有否定意义的词放在句首,语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有: not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than ……等。
Little did I think he is a spy .
我一点也没想到他是一个间谍。
Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .
No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .
10. 在虚拟语气中,倒装代替条件。
Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .
Were there no light , we could see nothing .
11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
May you succeed ! 祝你成功! Long live France ! 法兰西万岁!
倒装句都有哪些形式
英语句子中的谓语有的是由单个的动词组成;有的除动词外,还有助动词或情态动词。将动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语之前时,谓之“倒装”。本篇将谈论创造什么条件、采用哪种倒装形式的疑难问题。
一、怎样创造完全倒装的条件
“完全倒装”是指把单个的谓语动词完整地提到主语前面。此时句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
1.当句子的主语是名词,谓语是系动词be或是表示“存在”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时,把具有“地点”意义的副词(here,there)、“时间”意义的副词(now,then)、以及能表“移动方向”的副词(in,out,down,up,away)等置于句首,即可采用“完全倒装”。如:
Once there lived a fisherman near the sea.
Now comes your turn.
Up flew the rocket.
注意:当主语是人称代词时,尽管副词在句首,主谓也不倒装。如:
Out they rushed.
2.当谓语是系动词be,以及表示“位于、存在”或“位置移动”的单个不及物动词时,把具有“方位”意义的介词短语或副词短语(在句中作状语或表语)放在句首,即可采用完全倒装。如:
Among the fans is a famous singer.
From the crowds came a cheer.
East of the city lies a museum.
3.当谓语的一个部分是单个的助动词或系动词be,把另一个部分的v-ing短语、过去分词短语、不定式短语或形容词置于句首,即可把be放在主语前面而形成完全倒装。如:
Standing beside the table was his wife.
Buried in the sand was an ancient castle.
To be carefully considered are the following questions.
Present at the party were the ladies in the big city.
二、怎样创造部分倒装的条件
“部分倒装”是指把助动词或情态动词置于主语前面,此时句子的谓语是由“助动词/情态动词+实义动词”两个部分组成。
把谓语的助动词、情态动词放在主语前面,谓之部分倒装。在下列情形中出现部分倒装:
1.当句型是“主语+be/实义动词+so+形容词/副词+that从句”表示“如此……以致……”时,把“so+形容词/副词”放在句首,即可采用部分倒装。如:
So careless was the girl that she failed the exam.
So much did Helen worry about her health that she went to see the doctor three times a day.
2.使用由so,neither或nor构成的惯用句型时要采用部分倒装,表示“另一人或物也具有和前面一句提到的一样的情况”。如:
Jim asked the question. So did Lily.
I have never seen such an interesting film. Neither / Nor have the other students.
3.把句中具有“否定”意义的词语(no,not,never,neither,nor,nowhere,hardly,scarcely, seldom, little等单个副词,以及by no means,in no case/way,at no time等短语)置于句首,即可采用部分倒装。如:
Never shall I forget your advice.
4.可创造条件使下面的句子采用部分倒装:
(1)把“only+状语(从句)”和“not until+从句”置于句首,即可采用部分倒装。如:
Only when you see it using your own eyes will you believe it is true.
Not until the child went to sleep did the mother leave the room.
(2)当“not only…but also…”连接两个分句时,把not only分句置于句首,即可在该分句中采用部分倒装。如:
Not only were the children moved but the adults also showed their pity.
(3)把“no sooner…than…”句型中的no sooner置于句首,即可在no sooner主句中采用部分倒装;把“hardly/ scarcely...when…”句型中的hardly置于句首,即可在hardly, scarcely主句中采用部分倒装。如:
No sooner had I entered the house than it began to rain.
(4)当if引导从句表示虚拟语气时,把if省去,再把从句中的were,had或should放在主语前面而形成部分倒装。如:
Had we been present, such a thing would not have happened.
三、异常倒装现象
当as引导让步状语从句时,可出现下面的特殊倒装形式。
Proud as these women are,they still look very weak.(作表语的形容词提前)
Student as he is,he often works in the factory.(作表语的名词提前,同时省去不定冠词a)
Hard as she worked, she couldn't support her family.(修饰谓语动词的副词提前)
Try as he would, he might fail again.(将助动词与谓语动词分开,而谓语动词提前)
倒装句式有哪些
你的问题比较多,我一个一个回答 什么是倒装 定义为了强调、突出等语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句 倒装的类型有哪些 1.完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 谓语+主语+…… ①There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语) 例子: There was a drop in the temperature.温度下降了 There are brids singing in the tree.鸟儿在树上唱歌。 ②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+…… ③过去分词或现代分词+be的各种形式+主语+…… 2.部分倒装(Partial Inversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。 前一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后一种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。 表示强调 倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: 1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. 只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例子: No sooner had I got home then it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night . 她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。 例子: So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。 To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。 以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。 4.某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。 例子: Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。 Here it is. 在这里。 Here is your key.这是你的钥匙。
倒装句的分类
英语的倒装分为部分倒装和完全倒装。
部分倒装指的是将谓语的一部分位于主语前,其句式与一般疑问句的相同。
如:
She hardly has time to listen to music. =Hardly does she have time to listen to music.
他几乎没时间听音乐。
完全倒装则指将谓语动词完全置于主语前。完全倒装一般具有以下两个条件:
①谓语动词是单个(即不带情态动词、助动词或be)的不及物动词,且只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。
②主语只能是名词。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。
The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了,史密斯先生进了来。
注:若主语为人称代词,则不能用倒装。
如:Away he went. 他跑远了
这个是比较简单的介绍,如果想看详细的,可以看看语法书哦!
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