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英语同位语从句例句100句
The news that a Pakistan girl stood up for education and was nearly killed by the Taliban surprised the whole world.
被同位语从句修饰的词往往是抽象的，例如 hope，news，fact，idea，question等等。
There is no question that teenagers need rules .
毫无疑问，青少年需要规则。
Malala, a seventeen-year-old girl , became the youngest person ever to be given a Nobel Peace Prize.
Nobel Peace Prize = 诺贝尔和平奖
将下面两句哈合成简洁的一句话。
1. Mark Zuckerberg delivered a speech at Harvard University.
2. He is the founder of Facebook.
【答案】
Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook , delivered a speech at Harvard University.
【同位语的一般特征】
一般情况下，同位语一般都紧紧跟在被修饰的词后面。
【同位语的分隔】
同位语跟被修饰词也可以被一些词隔开，例如 for example，such as，including等等。
She has won many prizes, including the Nobel Peace Prize .
【同位语从句】
由句子做同位语，是名词性从句的一种。
Lang Lang, a world-class pianist, is such a promising young man.
promising = 有前途的
【 同位语从句形式一：that + 句子 】
This early success gave his father high hopes that Lang Lang would become a great pianist .
【练习】
用英语表达：我们队赢了比赛的消息太棒了！
“It's great news that our team won the match!”
注意：that不能省略。
【 同位语从句形式二：whether + 句子 】
Whether he would become a great pianist worried / troubled Lang Lang a lot.
trouble = 使麻烦
a lot = much = 非常
注意：同位语从句中，表示“是否”只能用whether。
【 同位语从句形式三：其他引导词 + 句子 】
that 和 whether 最常见，例如when, where, who 等
Hawking was exploring the question of where the boundaries of the Universe are .
霍金探索过宇宙的边界。
The news that a Pakistan girl stood up for education and was nearly killed by the Taliban surprised the whole world.
一则巴基斯坦女孩为教育权利发声而差点被塔利班杀害的消息震惊了全世界。
尝试用本节课所学的同位语和同位语从句来表达下面这段话：
1. 一则小女孩获得诺贝尔和平奖的新闻震惊了全世界。
The news that a girl won the Nobel Peace Prize surprised the whole world.
2. 17岁巴基斯坦少女马拉拉为妇女和儿童教育发声而差点被塔利班杀害。
Malala, a seventeen-year-old girl , was nearly killed by the Taliban because of the declaration for women and children education.
3. 幸运地是，她活了下来，并继续关心一些儿童是否能上学的问题。
Luckily, she survived and continued to care about the question whether some children could go to school .
同位语从句和定语从句是什么
同位语从句，指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系，即被解释说明的词等于同位语。
定语从句，也称关系从句、形容词性从句，是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。
在英语中，定语从句主要通过关系代名词法构成。
关系构成
关系从句的句法功能主要是充当定语。在英语中，关系从句通常位于它所修饰的词、词组之后。被关系从句修饰的词、词组叫做先行词，引导关系从句的词称为关系词，关系词指代先行词并在关系从句中充当一定的成分。
This is the book which interests me.
“which interests me”是关系从句，修饰先行词“book”，而关系词“which”指代先行词“book”并在关系从句中充当主语。这句话可以拆分为两个句子来理解，“This is the book.”和“The book interests me.”。
同位语从句和定语从句是什么
同位语从句，英语语法，指在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属名词性从句的范畴。定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
区别：
1、从句所修饰词不同：同位语从句所修饰词，通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如belief，doubt，fact，hope等。例句有: He has told us a fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他又告诉我们一个事实，过渡饮酒对健康有害。
定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。例句有:This is the book that l bought yesterday.这是我昨天买的那本书。
2、连接词的作用不同：连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。whether和how可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。例句有: Do you have a doubt whether she will be dismissed from school?你怀疑她是否能被学校开除吗?
引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that,which，who，whose，whom，when，where，why，as，than，but等。例句有:The news that he wants to get is whether he will be sent to the countryside.他所想得到的消息是他是否将被派往农村。
3、从句作用不同：同位语从句具有名词的特点，对中心词作进一步补充解释，是中心词的具体内容。例句有: he suggestion that the meeting be put off proved right.推迟会议的建议证明是正确得。
定语从句具有形容词或副词的特点，对先行词起修饰、限定作用，描述先行词的性质或特征，与先行词之间是所属关系。例句有: The man that you saw just now is my bother.你刚才看到的那个人是我的弟弟。
什么叫同位语从句
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有new，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。如：
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。）如：
l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 如：
Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
五、同位语从匈与定语从句的区别。
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：
The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别
同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面:
1. 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词?而定语从句的先行词可以是名词?代词?主句的一部分或是整个主句?如:
The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性?(同位语从句)
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题?(同位语从句)
Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了?(同位语从句)
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴?(定语从句)
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面?(定语从句)
His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习?(定语从句,代词all作先行词?)
2. 从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴?如:
The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的?(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)
The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的?(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我许诺如果谁让我自由,我就让他非常富有?(同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺?(定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语?)
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)
I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替?如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略?)
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)
最后我们在一起来做三道练习题:
1. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.(2004上海春季高考)
A. which B. that
C. what D. whether
2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春季高考)
A. as B. which
C. what D. that
3. Luckily,we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. (2004北京春季高考)
A. it B. that
C. this D. which
答案:1. B 2. B 3. D
参考资料：***/a/20050314/000175.htm
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