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九年级上册第2单元感叹句
我们已经学习了肯定句、否定句和疑问句,英语的四大基本句型中还剩下感叹句。 与中文相同的是,英语的感叹句也是以感叹号结尾,作用是强调感情色彩。
一般而言,感叹句所传达的感情色彩要比very, so等副词更强。 与中文不同的是,英文的感叹句是通过句子结构的调整来实现的,而中文则是通过“啊”、“呀”等感叹词实现的。
英文感叹句主要有两种结构形式。一种是以What开头,一种以How开头。
What
一
自然推理
研读下方三组例句,推理出What感叹句的结构。
1.
He is a very kind person.
What a kind person he is!
2.
They are very good students.
What good students they are!
3.
She is really tall.
What a tall girl she is!
隐藏答案
1. 结构为:What+名词短语+主谓结构
2.
因为感叹句本身已经具有非常强烈的感情色彩了,所以句中不再使用very, so等修饰词。
3. What
之后加的 语块 必然是名词短语!且要辨清单复数或不可数情况。
二
有意才有形
这句话是否能用What感叹句来表达?
He works very hard.
表面上看,似乎找不到名词短语,无法满足“What感叹句中必有名词短语”的规则。但英语语法讲究“ 先意后形 ”,我们应从表意入手,再考虑结构形式。
上句的意思是“他工作很努力”。假设他是学生,同样的意思完全可以说成“他是一个非常努力的学生”,如此就有所谓的“名词短语”了。
英文可以说:
He is a hardworking student. (hardworking
努力的)
感叹句就是:
What a hardworking student he is!
三
缩略形式
在一定的语境下,我们可以采用What感叹句的缩略形式而不会产生歧义。比如:
1. What a kind person he is! → What a
kind person!
2. What good students they are! → What good students!
3. What a tall girl she is! → What a tall girl!
4. What a hardworking student he is! → What a hardworking student!
☞ 结论:What感叹句可省略“主谓”部分!
四
实践
将下列句子改为What感叹句:
1. He is really a slow learner.
2. She is a very brave girl.
3. They are really tall buildings.
4. It is a very great painting.
5. They are really helpful. (they
指guides)
生词:
1. slow /sləu/ 慢的
2. learner
学习者
3. brave /breiv/
勇敢的
4. building /’bildiŋ/
建筑
5. painting /’peintiŋ/
油画、水彩画
6. guide /gaid/
导游,指南手册
7. helpful /’helpful/
有帮助的
隐藏答案
1. What a slow learner he is!
2. What a brave girl she is!
3. What tall buildings they are!
4. What a great painting it is!
5. What helpful guides they are!
How
一
自然推理
研读下方三组例句,推理出How感叹句的结构。
1.
He is a very kind person.
How kind he is!
2.
They are very good students.
How good they are!
3.
He speaks really fast!
How fast he speaks!
隐藏答案
1. 结构为:How + adj./adv. + 主谓结构
2.
因为感叹句本身已经具有非常强烈的感情色彩了,所以句中不再使用very, really等修饰词。
3. How
之后的语块必然是adj./adv.!比如How kind person he is!就是错误的!虽然kind是adj.,但kind person才是语块,该语块是名词性的,而非adj./adv.!
二
缩略形式
在一定的语境下,我们可以采用How感叹句的缩略形式而不会产生歧义。比如:
1. What a kind person he is! → How kind!
2. What good students they are! → How good!
3. What a tall girl she is! → How tall!
4. What a hardworking student he is! → How hardworking!
☞ 结论:How感叹句可省略“主谓”部分!
三
实践
将下列句子改为How感叹句:
1. He runs really fast.
2. She walks very slowly.
3. It is really interesting.
4. That is so exciting!
5. They are really new!
生词:
1. run /rʌn/ 跑
2. walk /wɔ:lk/
走路
3. slowly
慢地
4. interesting /’intristiŋ/
有趣的
5. exciting /ik’saitiŋ/
令人兴奋的
6. new /nju:/
新的
隐藏答案
1. How fast he runs!
2. How slowly she walks!
3. How interesting it is!
4. How exciting that is!
5. How new they are!
词法:后缀
-ing是英语中一个较为常见的后缀。它有两种基本作用:
1.
将动词变为名词
build 建造 → building
paint
(用油或颜料)画画→ painting
2. 将动词变为形容词
excite 使激动 → exciting
interest
使感兴趣;兴趣→ interesting
英语感叹句句型结构及用法
五.感叹句
(一)用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等强烈的感情的句子,叫感叹句。
(二)感叹句多用降调。句末用感叹号。感叹句通常是由感叹词what或how引导。What用来修饰名词或名词短语。how主要用来修饰形容词或副词,有时也用来修饰动词。如
How
she
sings!
(修饰动词)
(三)感叹句的基本句型:
○1What
+
(
a
/
an
)
+
adj.
+
n.
+
(主
+
谓)
!
○2How
+
adj.
/
adv.
+
(主
+
谓)
!
如
What
a
lovely
boy
(he
is)!
=
How
lovely
(the
boy
is
/
he
is)!
What
bad
weather
(it
is)!
=
How
bad
(the
weather
is
/
it
is)!
What
beautiful
flowers
(they
are)!
=
How
beautiful
(the
flowers
are
/
they
are)!
注:1.两种句型的主语和谓语都可以省略,但是主谓必须同时省略。
2.
what所引导的感叹句不用a
/
an的场合:
○1当n.是不可数名词时。○2当n.是复数名词时。
3.
what引导的感叹句的主语只能是人称代词,而how引导的感叹句的主语不限。如
What
delicious
bread
it
is!
/
How
delicious
the
bread
(或it)
is!
英语感叹句的省略用法
答:根据说话人的意思需要,英语感叹句在宾语从句中是能够省略主谓结构的。又如:He didn't let me know how important (this meeting was ).
what的感叹句和how的感叹句有什么区别
很高兴为您解答!
感叹句句型:
HOW + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!How wonderful this day is!
What (+冠词a/an) +形容词 + 名词 + 主语 +谓语!What a wonderful day it is!
一般 What 后的主谓语可省略,因为其前面已经有形容词和名词,意义完整!
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